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^Pthe groome family and 1 

^m CONNECTIONSs A PEDIGREE 




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COPYRIGHT DEPOSrr. 



THE GROOME FAMILY 

AND CONNECTIONS: 

A PEDIGREE. 



THE GROOME FAMILY 

AND CONNECTIONS: 

A PEDIGREE. 

WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 

BY 

HARRY CONNELLY GROOME 



PHILADELPHIA 

PRESS OF J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY 

1907 



LIBRARY of CONGRESS 

Two CoDles Received 

MAY 6 190r 

Copyriirht Entry 

CLAS^ ^ XXc, No. 

/ 7.rfo^. 

COPY'S. 






Copyright 1907 

BY 

Harry Connelly Groome 



INTRODUCTION 



The late Mr, John Fiske, in a very excellent historical 
treatise entitled " Old Virginia and her Neighbours," says, 
that "the pedigrees of horses, dogs, and pigeons have a 
value that is quotable in terms of hard cash. Far more 
important, for the student of human affairs, are the pedi- 
grees of men. By no possible ingenuity of constitution- 
making or of legislation can a society made up of ruffians 
and boors be raised to the intellectual and moral level of a 
society made up of merchants and yeomen, parsons and 
lawyers." From the latter material the prominent men of 
colonial times were derived, and on a descent from such 
men the most characteristic American pedigrees are based. 

It must be remembered that exactly three centuries 
have elapsed since the first permanent English settlement 
was made in this country, and the varied conditions exist- 
ing during this period of time have afforded a sufficient test 
of the vigor of such lines of blood as have survived ; so that 
the history of families which originated with English mer- 
chants and mariners from two to three hundred years ago, 
and which have persisted through successive generations 
of men prominent in the affairs of their respective commu- 
nities, must be considered worthy of record. I feel, therefore, 
that I need offer no apology for the pious task which I 
have undertaken in the preparation of these notes, and, as 
the interest in genealogy is greatly enhanced by reference 
to contemporaneous history, I have thought fit to add as 
an appendix a brief sketch of the early history of Maryland 
and its institutions under the rule of the Calverts. 

I have set forth the genealogy of the Groome family of 
Maryland in full, but in the case of female lines I have, as 



INTRODUCTION 



a iiile, recoixletl only such portions as are essential to the 
pedigree of my father's children, the construction of which 
is primarily the object of this work. In some cases, how- 
ever, I have given female lines more or less in detail for 
the purpose of making clear the relationship of contempo- 
raneous members of such families to the members of my 
father's immediate family. 

In the arrangement of matter the paternal line is placed 
first, and this is followed by its direct female lines in the 
order in which they merge with it. Of the maternal female 
lines, I am not able to give any information in regard to 
the family of Elizabeth Pierce, wife of Henry' Con- 
nelly, but I have given in some detail the very interest- 
ing genealogy of the family of Eliza Andrews, wife of 
Harry" Connelly. 

In the preparation of these notes I have necessarily laid 

myself under obligations for much valuable assistance and 

advice, and for these kindnesses I must again express my 

sincere thanks. 

H. C. G. 



AlRLIE, 

NEAR WaRRENTON, Va., 

December, 1906. 



NOTE 



To facilitate cross-reference, Roman numerals are given 
in parenthesis immediately after the names of persons to 
whom they apply, to designate the generation to which 
such persons belong in the chronology adopted for this 
purpose. The first ancestor in the longest line of descent — 
viz., Anthony^ Andrews, A.D. 1550 — is considered to belong 
to the first (i) generation, and the children of SamueP 
William Groome to the eleventh (xi) generation. The 
generation numbers of the first ancestors in the shorter 
lines of descent are reckoned backward from the eleventh. 
Persons, therefore, whose names are followed by the same 
Roman numeral are of the same generation. The genera- 
tion number in connection with an individual to whom it 
refers is used only at the beginning of a section. 

The names of persons through whom the direct line of 
descent is traced, where they first occur in a section, are 
printed in heavy-faced, upright type. 

Superior numbers are used to distinguish persons whose 
first names and surnames are the same, as SamueP Groome 
and Samuel" William Groome, no account being taken in 
this respect of second names. 

In transcribing dates from Quaker records numbered 
months are designated by name, January in all cases being 
counted as the first month. 



CONTENTS 



GROOME — Sections i to 27. page 

Derivation of family — Middlesex family — Collateral 
branch of Middlesex family — Biographical sketches 
of Samuel^ Groome, SamueP Groome, SamueP 
Groome and DanieP Groome — Documents — Will 
of Samuel' Groome — Genealogy — Biographical 
sketches of SamueP Groome, Charles^ Groome, 
John^ Groome, SamueP Groome, John^ Charles 
Groome, SamueF William Groome, James^ Black 
Groome, SamueP William Groome, Harry Connelly 
Groome, John^ Charles Groome, SamueP^ William 
Groome, Alexander Coxe Groome and Pierce 
Francis Groome — Documents — Wills of Charles^ 
Groome and SamueP Groome — Family names in- 
cluded in the genealogy: Brain, Heathcote, Tailer, 
Moore, Perrin, Owen, Bailward, Revett, Hynson, 
Kennard, Bowers, Miller, Page, Dunn, Buchanan, 
Frisby, Pearce, Ringgold, Cruikshanks, Fisher, 
Rasin, Wroth, Clayton, Poits, Gibbons, Newman, 
Perkins, Black, Mitchell, McCullough, Denny, 
Morris, Feddeman, Thompson, Winchester, 
Earickson, Hungerford, Daingerfield, Beatty, 
Dawson, Campbell, Wallace, Earle, Hoffman, 
Hayward, Trippe, Brown, Edmondson, Young, 
Adrian, Smith, Wallis, Holden, Miller, Huggins, 
White, File, Knight, Constable, Evans, Fulenwider, 
Allen, Whittlesey, Williams, Booth, Collett, 
Seavert, Frazier, Gawthrop, Green, Sheffield, 
Mayes, Beasley, Stallings, Baylay, Connelly, 
Reath, Price, Wright, Upton, Roberts, McClure 
and Lewis 13 



CONTENTS 



HYNSON — Sections 28 to 30. page 

Genealogy — Biographical sketches of Thomas' 
Hynson, John' Hynson and Charles' Hynson — 
Documents — Family names included in the gene- 
alogy : Kelley, Smith, Rodgers, Holeager, Glanville, 
Harris, Murphy, Tilden, Carvill, Jones and 
Groome 55 

DUNN — Sections 31 to 34. 

Derivation of family — Genealogy — Biographical 
sketches of Robert' Dunn, Robert" Dunn and 
Robert* Dunn — Family names included in the 
genealogy: Porter, Hood, Miller, Pearke, Wickes, 
Brown, Hynson and Groome 62 

BLACK — Sections 35 to 41. 

Derivation of family — Genealogy — Biographical 
sketch of James^ Black — Family names included 
in the genealogy : Wallace, Evans, Scott, Hollins- 
worth, Rice, Donaldson, Kerr, Sharpe, Corre, Pearce, 
Merritt, Gillespie, Parke, Hossinger, Wilson, 
Hanson, Cummings, Salsbury, Perkins, Giles, 
Veazey, Craycroft, Mills, Ward, Groome, Stokes, 
Couper, Young, Welsh, Sartori and Edmundson . . 65 

ALLEN — Sections 42 to 43. 

Genealogy — Biographical sketches of Elizabeth 
Sheward Allen and Joshua Allen — Family names 
included in the genealogy: Sheward, Humphreys, 
Marr, Broome, Moore, Stokes, Woolman, Austin, 
Engle, Reichert, Groome, Hogan, Perkins, Wood, 
Heberton and Walker 69 

CONNELLY — Sections 44 to 53. 

Derivation of family — Genealogy — Biographical 
sketches of John' Connelly, Henry^ Connelly, Pierce' 



CONTENTS 



Page 

Connelly, Harry" Connelly and Harry'' Connelly — 
Family names included in the genealogy: Little, 
Vandoren, Pierce, West, Marcia, Eyre, Gibson, 
Gaillard, Painter, Dale, Coye, Morgan, Smyth, 
O'Callaghan, Vickers, Blackburn, Lear, Binney, 
Klink, Kriegar, Kennard, Peacock, Andrews, 
Groome, Griffith, Robinson, Carter, Fuller, Foulke, 
Ashhurst, Frazer, Stimson, Wayne, Leiper, Perot, 
Ward and Vaux 71 

ANDREWS— Sections 54 to 72. 

Derivation of family — Grant of Arms — Genealogy 
— Biographical sketches of John^ Andrews, Robert^ 
Andrews, Robert" Andrews, John^ Andrews, John'' 
Williams Andrews, Henry'' Wilson Andrews and 
Robert^ Andrews — Documents — Family names in- 
cluded in the genealogy: Lenton, Colley, Palmer, 
Newsam, Sanders, Holder, Greening, Cooke, Black, 
Lowe, Van Auringe, Callender, Ballard, Wilkerson, 
Randolph, Taylor, Lee, Blair, Neill, Mason, Con- 
nelly, Wilson, Thompson, Massara, Jones, Fenton, 
Abercrombie, Fisher, Pigman, Parkin, Boyd, Perre- 
noud. White, Newman, McEntee, Lovette, Harris, 
Hale, Day, Wright, French, Stevens, Horwitz, 
Poag, Cox, Shaw, Betton, McMichael, Tilghman, 
Robert, Bourbon del Monte, Field, Adams, Rod- 
gers, Zinn, du Pont, Godwin and Bradford 82 

APPENDIX — Historical Sketch of Kent Island 

AND OF THE PaLATINATE OF MARYLAND 99 



GROOME 



DERIVATION OF FAMILY 

1. Members of a Middlesex family of Groom e were 
very prominent among the merchants and traders to the 
Colonies of America during the latter half of the seventeenth 
and the early years of the eighteenth centuries, and, although 
the branch of this family of which the fullest records are 
found terminated with Samuel^ Groome (1685-1714), a 
collateral branch existed from which I propose to trace the 
descent of the Groome family of Maryland. Before show- 
ing the connection of this collateral branch, however, it 
has been considered advisable to set forth in full such rec- 
ords of the main branch of the family as are extant. 

THE MIDDLESEX FAMILY 

2. SAMUEL^ GROOME (iv). The first member of the 
Middlesex family identified with the Colonies of America 
was Samuel^ Groome, described in his will as a mariner of 
RatclifTe, in the County of Middlesex, England. (Will dated 
August 2ist, 1682, probated March ist, 1683-4. P. C. C, 
Hare, 30.) This Samuel^ Groome may have originally traded 
to New England and have settled for a time at Salisbury. 
Savage's Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New 
England, Vol. II, p. 318, contains the following entry: 

"Groome, Samuel, Salisbury, 1650, a mariner in the 
lists of inhabitants dignified with the prefix of Mr., went 
home to London before 1658. He may seem to be that 
Quaker who published, in 1676, 'A Glass for the people of 
New England, in which they may see themselves and 

13 



CHART OF GROOME FAMILY OF MIDDLESEX AND SUFFOLK, ENGLAND 



PARENTS NOT KNOWN 



SAMUEL' GROOME = ELIZABETH 

of Ratcliffe I Bom 
Middlesex | 1626 
Will pr. I Died 
I March 23 Feb. 
1683-4 1703-4 



JOHN» GROOME = ELIZABETH 

of Stoke 

by Nayland 

Suffolk 

Will pr. 

I Dec. 

1680 



Samubl' 

of Whitechapel 

Middlesex 

Horn 

al.oui i'i<;( 

i_ i.,.,i 

1697 



Sarah Moorb 

Married 
3 Sept. 
i()8i 
Died 
3 Dec. 
1704 



Elizabeth 
James 

Bl-tAIN 

of VVapping 
Married 
20 Aug. 

1670 



Margaret 
=^Georgb 
Heathcote 

of 1 .„i,(,>„ 

y 



Sarah 
Bom 
16 March 
1683 

=Thomas 
Perrin 
Married 
about 
1701 



Samuei 
of Loriu 
Bom 

30 March 
1685 
Buried 
28 July 
>7i3 

Herring Creek, i. 
Ann Arundel Ma 
Co., Md. abou 

No issue Sept. 



Marv 


1 

Susan 


A Son 




Daniel* = 


= Ann Revett 


=j,, 


Bom 


(name 


NOT 


of Stoke 


Married 


Tai 


about 


known) 


by Nayland 


6 June 


,^f 1 


!ifff 1668 


Bom 




Suffolk 


1680 




Died 


1654 




Bom 






20 Feb. 


or 




i6s4 






1683 


1656 




or 1656 
Died 

18 July 
1690 






~\ 




; 








Elizabeth 


Daniel^ 


Samuel^=Margaret 


Hynson Anne 




Bom 


Commanded 


Died 




Biiptized 




7 Dec. 


Ship 


1767- 


-8 


6 lune 




1.594 


Heston 


Kent Co. 


1686 


J,,?^ 




1709 


Md. 









GROOME 



Spirits, and if not too late; Repent and turn from their 
Abominable Ways and Cursed Contrivances.' " 

March 29th, 1656, Samuel' Groom e writes to Mr. 
Richard Preston, in Patuxent, Maryland, as follows: "This 
may inform you that Mr. Cranneg hath Shipped abroad 
Tobacco by which he hath ingaged to pay for yr. use the sume 
of Thirteen pounds and Tenne Shillings as Witness my 
hand." (Warrants and Assignments, Maryland, liber 3, 
fol. 185.) In 1658 he appears in command of the ship 
"Dove" in the waters of Virginia, a Mr. Samuel Groome 
being mentioned as refusing to pay a levy made by the 
Virginia Legislature. (Hening's Statutes, I, 513.) 

During Bacon's Rebellion in 1676, Gov. Berkeley, of 
Virginia, issued an order to Captain Samuel Groom e and 
others trading to Virginia ports, requiring them to assist 
him against the rebels by the use of their ships. (Hening's 
Statutes, III, 568.) 

Samuel' Groome, in command of his ship "Globe," 
sailed from London to the Patuxent River, Maryland, June, 

1676. (A letter from Wm. Penn et al. to R. Hartshorne, 
dated London, June 26th, 1676, refers to Samuel Groome's 
ship, for Maryland, having just sailed from England. 
Smith's History of New Jersey.) 

William Edmondson, in his journal, says, wishing to go 
from the Eastern to the Western Shore of Maryland, 
"Samuel Groome, of London, Master of a ship, being 
there, sent his boat and two men to take me over (1676)." 
(Whitehead's East New Jersey under the Proprietors.) 
Samuel' Groome returned to England and made another 
voyage to Maryland in 1677, as would seem to be shown by 
an indenture with a certain Jane Widows, November 7th, 

1677, by which she binds herself to serve him for four years, 
in consideration of her passage to Maryland and other 
considerations. (Elkton, Cecil County, Maryland, Deeds.) 
Captain Samuel Groome, commander of the ship "Globe," 
applied for a license to trade with the Indians, and a com- 

14 



GROOME 



mission granting this license was issued by Chas. Calvert, 
Lord Baltimore, 1681. (Maryland Archives.) May nth, 
1681, the ship "Globe," Samuel Groome, commander, is 
referred to as sailing from Patuxent River, Maryland. 
(Maryland Archives.) Samuel^ Groome's ship "Globe" 
subsequently sailed under the command of Captain Watts, 
a seizure of skins on board of this ship while in command of 
Captain Watts being recorded May 6th, 1682. (Maryland 
Archives.) Samuel Groome is mentioned, in Bruce's 
Economic History of Virginia, as one of the twenty-four 
traders who furnished the greater portion of the supplies 
imported into the Colonies of Maryland and Virginia during 
the latter part of the seventeenth century. 

This Samuel^ Groome purchased, January 5th, 1664, 
from Henry Sew^all and Jane Sewall his wife, for ;^i2o, 
lawful money of England, a tract of land containing 5000 
acres, known as Eltonhead Great Manor, lying upon the north 
side of the Patuxent River, Maryland. (Annapolis Land 
Office Deeds.) This land, however, did not come into his 
possession at this time, and as a substitute a grant of another 
tract of 5000 acres was made September 20th, 1664. (Ma- 
ryland Certificates.) Eltonhead Manor was apparently 
resurveyed for him in 1666. (Maryland Certificates.) 

A tract of 450 acres of land, called Donor, lying on the 
Choptank River, Maryland, was conveyed to Samuel 
Groome, March 20th, 1674, by Robert Story. (Annapolis 
Deeds.) 

March loth, 1671, Samuel^ Groome landed in the Prov- 
ince of Maryland 65 immigrants whom he had transported 
from England in the ship " William and Mary," "at his own 
cost and charges," and demanded 3250 acres of land as a 
"benefit" under the conditions of plantation for the trans- 
portation of these persons. A warrant for this quantity of 
land was issued May 15th, 1671. (Letter of Charles Calvert 
to Robert Ridgeley, May 15th, 1671, Maryland Certifi- 
cates.) This warrant was renewed February 14th, 1672 

15 



GROOME 



(Maryland Certificates), and continued of record until Sep- 
tember 24th, 1677. It was executed November ist, 1678, 
by John Stanley, Deputy Surveyor under Baker Brook, 
Esq., Surveyor General of the Province of Maryland, who 
upon that date notified the Governor that he had laid 
out for Samuel Groome, "for three thousand two hundred 
and fifty acres of land, due by record of a warrant for the 
same quantity granted him the 24th day September, 1677, 
as appears upon record," a parcel of land called "Partner- 
ship," lying "in the freshes of the great Choptank River 
on the North side of said river," containing 1000 acres 
more or less. A patent for this land was issued to Samuel 
Groome, merchant, by Charles Calvert, May 8th, 1679. 
(AnnapoHs Patents, liber 21, fol. 107.) Another parcel 
of land "for 3250 acres," granted Samuel Groome, Sep- 
tember 24th, 1677, called "RatcHffe," lying in Talbot 
County, "in the freshes of the great Choptank River," 
was surveyed for him by John Stanley, Deputy Surveyor, 
November loth, 1678, and the patent issued May 8th, 
1679. (Annapolis Patents, liber 21, fol. 112-113.) 

Upon the death of Sir George Carteret, Proprietor of 
East New Jersey, trustees were appointed to make sale of 
the province for the benefit of his heirs. The domain was 
purchased, for the sum of £3400, by Wm. Penn, Robert 
West, Thomas Rudyard, Samuel Groome, Thomas Hart, 
Richard Mew, Ambrose Riggs, John Haywood, Hugh 
Hartshorne, Clement Plumstead, Thomas Cooper, and 
Thomas Wilcox, and deeds of lease and re-lease were made 
to the purchasers by the devisees of Carteret on February 
2nd, 1681-82. (Mulford's History of New Jersey, p. 207.) 

Each of the twelve purchasers, soon after, sold one- 
half of his right to a new associate, and on the 14th March, 
1682, another conveyance was made to the new body of 
twenty-four proprietors by his Royal Highness the Duke 
of York (afterwards James H). (Grants and Concessions 
of New Jersey, 1 664-1 702.) Samuel^ Groome is described 

16 



GROOME 



in this deed as "of the Parish of Stepney, in the County of 
Middlesex, Mariner." 

On November 3rd, 1683, Charles II issued a letter con- 
firming the grant of the Duke of York to the Proprietors, 
and declaring that it was "his royal will and pleasure that 
all persons concerned in the province should yield all due 
obedience to the laws and government of the grantees and 
their heirs and assigns, as absolute proprietors and gov- 
ernors thereof." "The new body of Proprietors did not 
immediately devise or digest a system of laws, but they 
adopted measures for the maintenance of government within 
the province. They proceeded at once to appoint a Governor, 
and their choice for this office fell upon Robert Barclay, 
of Urie, Scotland. . . . The appointment of Robert 
Barclay as Governor was made with a condition that he 
should not be required to reside in the province, but might 
exercise his office by deputy." (Mulford's History of New 
Jersey, pp. 208-10.) On September i6th, 1682, Thomas 
Rudyard was appointed Deputy Governor, and Samuel^ 
Groome, Receiver and Surveyor General of the Province. 
They arrived November 13th, 1682. In laying out and allot- 
ting lands, the Deputy Governor, sustained by the Council, 
adopted a course which was at variance with the views of 
Groome, the Surveyor General, and led to that function- 
ary's being virtually superseded. The Proprietaries in 
England, however, did not approve of Rudyard's conduct 
in the matter; they therefore reaffirmed their confidence 
in the Surveyor General, and annulled all grants that had 
not been regularly surveyed by him. (Whitehead's East 
New Jersey under the Proprietors, pp. 130-1.) 

It is probable that Rudyard was supposed not to have 
been wholly disinterested in the transaction of the business 
of his office. The Proprietors say: "We are very sensible 
of Samuel Groome's honesty and fidelity to our interest, 
in his care in seeking out and discovering the best land, and 
surveying it for our use, and in refusing to comply with the 

2 17 



GROOME 



particular interest of any there, by accommodating them 
with lands, or others at their desire, to our general preju- 
dice." (Grants and Concessions of New Jersey, 1 664-1 702, 
p. 182.) 

Samuel' Groome wrote a letter to his fellow Proprietors 
in England, August nth, 1683, reporting to them the work 
he had done in sounding channels and rivers, and surveying 
lands in the province (for text vid. Scot's Model, p. 281). 
He died in the same year (1683), leaving unfinished on the 
stocks at Elizabeth Town (possibly named for his wife) the 
first vessel built in East New Jersey. 

The "goods, chattels, wares, and merchandise" belong- 
ing to the Proprietors of the Province of East New Jersey 
in the hands of Samuel^ Groome at the time of his death 
were disposed of by action of a Council held at Elizabeth 
Town, Essex County, December ist, 1683. (New Jersey 
Archives, vol. xiii.) 

Samuel' Groome m. Elizabeth , who survived 

him, and died February 23rd, 1703-4, aged 77 years. She 
was buried at Ratcliffe, Stepney, Middlesex, England. 
(Quaker Registers, Devonshire House, London.) Her will 
is dated April 22nd, 1703, and was proved June 20th, 1704. 
(P.C. C, Ash, 130.) 

The children of Samuel' Groome and Elizabeth 
Groome w^ere : 

Samuel^ (vid. Sec. 3). 

Elizabeth, m., August 20th, 1670, James Brain, of Wapping. 
Margaret, m., December 27th, 1671, George Heathcote, of London. 
Mary, m., June 15th, 1682, John Tailer, of Ratcliffe. 
Susan, d. February 20th, 1683, aged about 15 years. Buried at 
Ratcliffe. 

(Quaker Registers, Devonshire House, London.) 

3. SAMUEL' GROOME (v), son of Samuel' Groome, 
of Ratcliffe, Middlesex, England, and his wife Elizabeth 
Groome, described in the Probate Act Book as of the 
Parish of St. Marie, Whitechapell, Middlesex, w^as born 

18 



GROOME 



1653; died November 23rd, 1697, and was buried at Rat- 
cliffe. This Samuel^ Groome is described as a mariner 
in the Quaker Register of Marriages, Devonshire House, 
London, but more commonly in other records as a mer- 
chant. He made voyages to America, but for the most 
part resided in London, conducting from that point an 
extensive trade with the Colonies. 

In 1678 he is found in command of his father's ship 
"Globe," as appears from the following bond and warrant: 

"Know all men by these presents, that I, Samuel Groome, the 
younger, now commander of the Globe of London. Bond for ;^i5o 
sterling to Chas. Calvert, Lord Baltimore. 

"Whereas the persons mentioned in the catalog annexed were brought 
over in the ship above mentioned by Samuel Groome, the Elder, father 
of the above bound Samuel Groome as by the said catalog may appear, 
and whereas upon the humble request of the said Samuel Groome the 
above named Charles, Lord Baltimore, hath promised a general warrant 
to take up the lands of the said severall persons amounting in the whole 
to four score and three, now the condition of this obligation is such that 
if the said persons mentioned in this catalog annexed or any or either of 
them (have been used to get land) nor shall they by consent of the said 
Samuel Groome the elder or Samuel Groome the younger &c. 

Samuel Groome, Junr." 

Test: Thos. Grulwin. 

Then follow the names of eighty-three persons. 

" Captain Samuel Groome giving good security that he, nor any other 
for him hath made use of the within and above rights, &c. due to the 
owners of the ship Globe of London. . . Then let him have 

warrant . . . given under my hand 27 May 1678." 

(Maryland Certificates, liber 20, fol. 185-186.) 

Samuel^ Groome appears to have had control of his 
father's property even during his lifetime, for the Proprietors 
of East New Jersey, in July, 1683, writing to Lowrie, say, 
that ' ' Groome may feel disposed to return to England when 
he should hear of the great inclination shown by the son to 
sell his father's property, which he has already a right to." 
He probably did sell it, as it was transferred the same 
month, July, 1683. (New Jersey Archives, vol. i, p. 432.) 

19 



GROOME 



A letter dated "From our Meeting for Sufferings, In 
London, ye 4th Mo. 1685," "To friends of ye Western 
Shore in Maryland," and signed by Thos. Hart, John Dew, 
Geo. Watts, and six others, acknowledges receipt of ;^33, 
13s., 6d. for the relief of distressed Friends, the remittance 
having been enclosed in a letter directed to Samuel Groome. 
(Record of West River Quarterly Meeting of Friends, Cal- 
vert County, Maryland. Established 1672.) 

" Middlesex in England. At a Session on the 14th of the 
Month called January, 1686, Charles Banister, Aaron Under- 
hill, Thomas Fidoe, Elizabeth FuUore, Elizabeth Grice, 
Elizabeth Lockworth, and Sarah Groom" (probably the 
wife of Samuel^ Groome), "condemned for meeting together 
were fined four Nobles each, and the said Charles Banister 
and Aaron Underbill were committed to Newgate Prison." 
("A Collection of the Sufferings of the people called Quakers, 
for the Testimony of a Good Conscience," Joseph Besse, 
London, 1753, vol. i.) 

The discontent of the Puritans in Maryland under the 
Roman Catholic government of the Proprietors became 
active during the last days of the reign of James II, and in 
1688 general charges against the administration of Charles 
Calvert, third Lord Baltimore, were preferred by Capt. 
John Coode and others who supported him. In answer to 
these charges Lord Baltimore directed that certain persons 
be called before a "Committee of Plantations" to declare 
and testify in respect thereto, Mr. Samuel Groome being 
included in the lists as a merchant and trader to Maryland. 

"My Lord Baltemore's Mem. for the Members to be summoned : 

7th. Jan. 1689. 
."I most humbly begg your Lordshipps that I maybe favored in hav- 
ing such Inhabitants, Traders, and Merchants as have Hved, and dealt 
to my Province this five and Twenty years and upwards called before 
this Committee of Plantations to declare and testifie before their Lord- 
shipps their knowledge touching the charge in General against me con- 
tained in a declaration lately sett forth and sent by Capt. Jno. Coode and 
his adherents now in Maryland. /^ Baltemore " 



GROOME 



"A list of Inhabitants & Traders to Maryland give by Lord Baltemore 

Coll. Tailler, ] r^,, j , u-^ ^ 
,,, ., . ^ > Old Inhabitants. 
Mr. Abmgton, j 

Mr. Livingston a member of the Church of England and has many years 

been an Inhabitant. 

Mr. Henry Coursney, Junr. ) ^^^^.^^^ ^^ Maryland. 

Mr. Smith, ) 

Mr. George Robing, an Inhabitant. 

Mr. Sam. Groome, ") 

Capt. Phillips, > Merchants & Traders to Maryland." 

Capt. Watts. 3 

(Maryland Archives, 1687-1693, p. 163.) 

In April, 1689, "An Association in Arms for the defense 
of the Protestant religion and for asserting the right of 
King William and Queen Mary to the Province of Maryland 
and all the English Dominions" was formed, with John 
Coode as president. This movement eventually ended in 
King William's being asked to undertake the government 
of Maryland, and a scire facias was issued by him against 
the Baltimore charter, Sir Lionel Copley appointed Royal 
Governor in 1691, and the palatinate overturned. 

The conditions of the times are indicated by the follow- 
ing letter, written by Richard Johns from Maryland, Sep- 
tember 27th, 1689, to Samuel^ Groome in London: 

"My friend, 

"Samuel Groome I should have sent to ye per some former opor- 
tunity to give thee some account of the great distraction amongst 
the inhabitants of this (once peaceable governed Province) but to that 
passe we are now brought that it is difficult to send or receive any letter 
for feare of its being opened. Wee live in daily hopes of the forward 
ships btit more especially some order from the Crown of England to settle 
and compose our present distraction; here is a small Ketch Packet boat 
that have brought letters for this Government and private letters also 
but all is kept husht and some private letters alsoe I have seen that have 
bin open before they came to the owners hands. If thee or Mr. Taylor 
did send any by the said Ketch they are kept up. I'll say little more only 
tell thee long soard in the Rabbles hands is our Master. Coll. Darnell and 
also Richard Smith's wife comes in this ship. I referr thee to them for a 
full information of matters here. I'll add that I am confident the least 
scrip of order or Command from King William would be gladly received 
and readily acknowledged with a general submission from the Freeholders 



GROOME 



of this Province. God grant it may come quickly. I hope when the ship 
comes thou wilt send the goods I sent for at least those that are most 
necessary for my family. Else I cannot keepe house. I have all my 
consernes to thy care, Myself wife and family are in health. 

RiCHD. Johns." 
(Maryland Archives, 1687-93, P- 126.) 

Mr. Jacob Lootons, a Baltimore County justice, was 
found to have had "a great store of Indian trade" in his 
house in 1692, which was said to belong to Col. Wells and 
Samuel Groome, under whom he traded. (Letter of Nich- 
olas Greensbury to Lionel Copley, Esq., Captain General 
and Governor in Chief in Maryland, dated July 15th, 1692.) 

Samuel^ Groome, "of London, merchant," filed a bill 
of complaint February 3rd, 1690, against James Braine, of 
Stepney, London, in which Groome describes himself as a 
trader to the "west Indies in America," and states that 
Braine came to him on the Exchange in London and offered 
to let the ship "Endeavour," of London, of two hundred 
tons, to sail from Gravesend to Choptank River in Maryland 
and thence to return back to London, for three hundred 
hogsheads of tobacco at £14 per ton, and that Braine after- 
wards denied the agreement. (Chancery Proceedings, 
Hamilton, 143-30.) 

Reference is made in letters of William FitzHugh to 
bills of exchange drawn on Mr. Samuel Groome, of London, 
for shipments to him April 25th, 1691, and at other times. 
(Virginia History and Biography.) 

Samuel^ Groome filed a bill of complaint against Hope 
Gifford January 3rd, 1693, for the non-conveyance of cer- 
tain messuages in the Parish of Hornechurch, Co. Essex, 
England. (Chancery Proceedings, Reynardson, 246-7.) 

Samuel^ Groome m., September 3rd, 1681, Sarah 
Moore, who survived him, and died December 3rd, 1704. 
She was buried at Bunhil Fields, London. (Quaker Registers, 
Devonshire House, London.) 

The children of Samuel^ Groome and Sarah (Moore) 
Groome were: 



GROOME 



Sarah, b. March i6th, 1683; m. Thomas' Perrin, of London, mer- 
chant, marriage license issued December i6th, 1699; their 
issue, Samuel Perrin; James Perrin; Thomas^ Perrin; Mary 
Perrin; and Sarah Perrin. 

Samuel^ (vid. Sec. 4). 

Constance, b. August 20th, 1686; m., ist, John Owen; m., 2nd, 
September, 17 13, John Bailward. 

JoHN^ d. December 27th, 1688, aged 9 months. 

Elizabeth, b. June 3rd, 1689; d. November 9th, 1690. 

JoHN^, b. October nth, 1690. Described as of Plaistovv, Co. Essex, 
gent., in his will dated July 7th, 1716, proved July 13th, 1716. 
(P. C. C, Fox, 143.) 

Elizabeth, b. December 7th, 1694. 

(Quaker Registers, Devonshire House, London.) 

Provisions of the will of Samuel^ Groome, of London, 
Merchant. Dated April 27th, 1697. Proved February 3rd, 
1698. (P. C. C, Lort, 57.) 

To daughter Sarah all those my messuages etc. in the parish of Havering 
and Hornechurch, co. Essex near Rumford, being about jQioo per 
annum on condition she pay to my daughter Constance ;£5oo at 18. 

To son Samuel Groome all those my messuages etc. in the parish of Aiot 
CO. Hartford, also my messuage wherein I now dwell in Mansell 
Street in Goodman's Fields, co. Midd. for 10 years. 

To my said son Samuel all my lands plantations and tenements etc. and 
also all other my estate, goods etc. in Maryland or elsewhere in 
America. 

To my said son Samuel all my messuages, lands, etc. in Ratcliflfe or else- 
where in England which I have in possession and am entitled to by 
virtue of the last will and testament of my late father Samuel Groome 
deceased. 

To my brothers in law John Tayller and Thomas Moore and to my friend 
John Tanner one hundred guineas in trust for my said son Sam. to 
be by them with the consent of my wife, if she be living, applied for 
the putting out of my said son. 

To my dau. Constance all those my lands etc. in Donsongor, near Stony 
Stratford, co. Northampton. 

To my two youngest children John and Elizabeth Groome all those my 
messuages etc. near Haverell alias Havering, co. Essex and Suflfolk. 

To my said wife £50. 

To my cozens Daniell and Samuel Groome, sons of Daniell Groome, £2$ 
each at 21. 

To John Tayller, Thomas Moore and John Tanner all lands etc. in Grany 
and Feversham, co. Kent, occupied by Thomas Moore, in trust to 
suffer my said wife to take the rents etc. for her own use during her 

23 



GROOME 



life and after her decease to such of my said children as my wife 
shall appoint. 

Whereas I have advanced £z°° upon an Act of Parliament made in the 
fourth year of the reign of King William and the late Queen Mary 
entitled an Act for granting certain rates and duties of Excise upon 
Beere etc. I give the said ;£3oo to my said children Sarah, Samuel 
and Constance. 

Residuary Legatees: — my wife and my five children. 

Overseers: — my brothers in law John Tayller and Thomas Moore and 
friend John Tanner. 

Executrix: — my said wife. 

Witnesses: — Harbert Springett, Will: Springett, Fr. Harding. 

Codicil, dated Nov. 3, 1697, revoking the legacy of the messuage in Man- 
sell Street given to son Samuel, and bequeathing the same to his 
wife for her life with remainder of term to son Samuel : ' ' And whereas 
I have purchased an annuity of ;£4o of Bartholmew Soames of 
Little Thorlow co. Suffolk Esq. which is issuing out of the manor of 
Great Thorlow, co. Suff. I give the same to my said son Samuel and 
his heirs." 

Wits: — Jacob Brent, Harbert Springett, Fr. Harding. 

4. SAMUEL^ GROOME (vi), son of Samuel'^ Groome, 
of Whitechapell, Middlesex, England, and his wife Sarah 
(Moore) Groome, was born March 30th, 1685, at Wheeler 
Street, Whitechapell, Middlesex. (Quaker Registers, Devon- 
shire House, London.) He is said to have gone beyond seas 
into Virginia about 17 14 where he died. (Chancery Pro- 
ceedings, 1714-1758, Groome v. Bailward, Reynardson, 
2639.) His death must have occurred prior to June 30th, 
1 71 5, that being the date of the chancery suit Groome v. 
Bailward, in which the fact of his death is recited, and he is 
evidently the person of this name who is buried at Herring 
Creek, St. James' Parish, Anne Arundel County, Maryland; 
the Parish Register, p. 44, containing this entry: "Samuel 
Groome, merchant, buried July 28th, 1713." Soon after 
his father's death he was sent to Holland, where he appar- 
ently remained until after his mother's death in 1704. 
(Chancery Proceedings, Owen v. Groome, Hamilton, 641.) 

He was one of the 6xecutors of his mother's will, and 
was a defendant in two or more chancery suits incidental 
to the settlement of her estate, the principal of which was 

24 



GROOME 



Groome v. Groome (Hamilton, 642), this being a bill of com- 
plaint by his sister Elizabeth Groome. This property was 
in litigation after his death (vid. Groome v. Bailward, 
Reynardson, 2639). 

In 1709 he appointed Captain Daniel^ Groome, of the 
ship Heston, his attorney with full power to administer the 
property in Maryland inherited from his father. (Annapolis 
Land Records, liber P. L., p. 153.) 

Samuel^ Groome, "of London, merchant," purchased 
from Seaborn Tucker, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, 
July ist, 1712, a tract of land called Chevey Chase, lying in 
Baltimore County, containing about 200 acres. (Baltimore 
County Deeds.) 

July nth, 1713, Samuel^ Groome, "of London, mer- 
chant," purchased two tracts of land from William Nichols, 
of Calvert County, Maryland, one known as Price's Venture, 
in Cecil County, consisting of 125 acres, and the other called 
New Castell, also in Cecil County, consisting of 400 acres. 
(Annapolis Deeds.) 

The purchase of the tract of land called Chevey Chase 
may have been made by Samuel^ Groome through his 
agent, Captain Daniel^ Groome, as Levin Donwood, the 
administrator in Maryland de bonis non of his father, in 
1 712, states that he cannot file an account until he hears 
from one Samuel Groome, merchant, of London, having 
effects of the deceased in his hands. (Testamentary Pro- 
ceedings, Maryland, 22, 152.) This would imply that 
Samuel^ Groome had not at that time left England. 

Samuel^ Groome was said to have disposed of his effects 
in England before going to America. (Groome v. Bailward, 
Reynardson, 2639.) 

An inventory of the goods and chattels of Samuel^ 
Groome, "late of London, merchant," was taken August 
13th, 1 7 13, by Samuel Harrison and Solomon Burkhead, and 
appraised as of the value of ;^69, 17s. 5d. (Inventories and 
Accounts, Maryland, liber 35, fol. 170.) 

25 



GROOME 



Samuel^ Groome apparently died intestate and indebted 
to Levin Donwood, a Quaker o£ Somerset County, Mary- 
land, in the sum of ;^99o, 6s. 8d. The same Levin Donwood 
filed an account in 1721 as Samuel Groome's administrator, 
as follows : 

Account of Levin Donwood admr. of Samuel Groome late of London, 
merct. deed, the said accountant chargeth himself with all and singular 
goods, chattels and credits as per 

inventory £69: 17:05 

also the sum of ;£ 1 1 4 : 00 : 10 

£183: 18:03 
and prays allowance &c. also prays allow- 
ance for the just sum of which the said 
deceased did justly stand indebted unto 
him at the time of his decease as per 

account appears and is allowed ;)£99o: 06: 08 

Payments made ;£i3 : 1 7 : 02 

Balance received by the administrator ;iCi7o: 01: oi 

Balance due the administrator £S^o : 05 : 07 

The above account being preferred to the administrator viz. Levin Don- 
wood, he was not of capacity to attest the same by reason of his very 
great indisposition of body so that his reason hath left him without any 

hope of abatement 

Test. Sam. Hopkins, Dep. Comm. 

The above account is made up by virtue of commission. (Inventories 
and Accounts, Maryland, liber A. D., fol. 7.) 

A private law was enacted by the Maryland Assembly 
October loth, 1727, " empowering certain commissioners to 
vend and dispose of the lands whereof Samuel Groome, 
the younger, died seized, or was mortgagee, in fee or other- 
wise, within this Province; as also to sell and dispose of so 
much of the said land as will satisfy Betty Gale and Levin 
Gale, executors of the testament of Levin Donwood, late of 
Somerset County, deceased, the sum of £820: 5s: 7d., stand- 
ing due from the said Samuel Groome, the younger, to the 
said Levin Donwood and yet unsatisfied, to the said Betty 
Gale and Levin Gale, his executors." (Bacon's Laws of 
Maryland, liber L. 5, fol. 168.) 

26 



GROOME 



Under the provisions of this act, James Hollyday and 
Henry Hooper, commissioners, sold to Geo. and John Gale, 
September 20th, 1733, the tract of land called Partnership, 
surveyed for Samuel^ Groome, November ist, 1678, and 
the tract of land called Ratcliffe, surveyed for Samuel^ 
Groome, November loth, 1678. 

Under the provisions of the same Act of Assembly, Wal- 
ter Smith and Roger Matthews, commissioners, sold, April 
2ist, 1735, to Geo. and John Gale, tracts of land called 
Austin's Chance and Austin's Addition, in Calvert County, 
and Chevey Chase, in Baltimore County, for the sum of 
£64, I OS., to satisfy Levin Gale and Betty Gale, executors 
of Levin Donwood, ;^82o, 5s. 7d., due from Samuel Groome, 
the younger, to said Donwood. (Annapolis Deeds.) 

collateral branch of the MIDDLESEX FAMILY. 

5. JOHN' GROOME (iv) and Elizabeth his wife, of 
Stoke by Nayland, Suffolk, England, had a son born to 
them in 1654 and another in 1656. (Parish Register, Stoke 
by Nayland.) Apparently only one son survived John' 
Groome, as in his will, dated December 26th, 1679, proved 
December ist, 1680 (P. C. C, Bath, 164), he mentions only 
one child, Daniel, whom he makes executor and residuary 
legatee. 

6. DANIEL' GROOME (v), the son of John' Groome, 
of Stoke by Nayland, and his wife Elizabeth Groome, 
married Anne Revett in 1680 and died in 1690. (Quaker 
Records, Devonshire House, London.) This Daniel' 
Groome, of Stoke by Nayland, affords the most likely clue 
to the identity of Daniel Groome, the father of Daniel^ 
Groome and Samuel^ Groome, hereafter referred to; but 
the connection is only a matter of inference. In addition 
to the two sons thus ascribed to Daniel' Groome, it is 
known that he had one daughter, Anne, baptized June 6th, 
1686. (Parish Register, Stoke by Nayland.) 

27 



GROOME 



Daniel' Groom e suffered imprisonment in London, 
with other Quakers, in 1683 for refusing to swear; the oath 
of allegiance having been offered and refused, "the sen- 
tence of prccnmnire was executed against Samuel Cooper 
and Daniel Groome, October 13th, 1683." Anne Groome 
subsequently petitioned the King for the relief of her hus- 
band. ("A Collection of the Sufferings of the People called 
Quakers, for the Testimony of a Good Conscience," Joseph 
Besse, London, 1753, vol. i.) It will be noted that about 
this time members of the Middlesex family were also affected 
by the persecution to which the Quakers in England were 
subjected by King James II (vid. Sec. 3), \ .. . 

7. In the will of Samuel^ Groome dated 1697 (vid. 
Sec. 3) a bequest is made to his "cozens" Daniel^ Groome 
and Samuel* Groome, minors, described as the sons of 
Daniel' Groome, who, as we suppose, died in 1690, and 
whose children at the date of this bequest would therefore 
have been orphans. Although the relationship indicated 
by the word "cozens" as used at that time might have 
been that of nephew, such a relationship would not have 
been possible in this case, as Samuel^ Groome had no 
brother named Daniel. We must therefore regard the word 
as having been used in its present sense, and, as these 
cousins were under age at the date of the will, we may con- 
sider them as of the generation of the testator's children. 
It will thus be seen that, whether the identity of Daniel' 
Groome, known to be the father of Daniel- Groome and 
Samuel* Groome, has been correctly established in other 
respects, he was without question a member of a collateral 
branch of the Middlesex family of Groome and doubtless 
the son of a brother of Samuel' Groome. 

The near relationship of Daniel^ Groome and Samuel* 
Groome to the main branch of the family is shown by the 
fact that Daniel^ Groome appears as "next friend and 
guardian" of John^ Groome, son of Samuel^ Groome, in 

28 



GROOME 



the chancery suit of Groome v. Groome, 1709. (Hamilton, 
644.) The responsible and confidential relations which he 
held with the children of Samuel^ Groome are further 
shown by Samueu^ GroOiMe's power of attorney, dated in 
1709, authorizing Daniel^ Groome to act for him in Mary- 
land. (Land Records, Annapolis, Maryland, liber P. L., 

P- I53-) 

Daniel^ Groome was a seafaring man and one of the 

traders to Maryland, as is shown by an advertisement of 

the rates at which he offered to convey tobacco to Samuel^ 

Groome in London, as follows: 

"These are to give notice to all persons that I, Daniel Groome, 
Commander of the Ship Heston riding at anchor in Herring Bay in Anne 
Arundel County, being purposed to export tobacco to England from 
Maryland upon freight this present voyage Doe hereby publish the rate 
thereof at fifteen pounds the Tunn the Freighters consigning their tobacco 
to Mr. Samuel Groome Merchant in London, Witness my hand this 
2 July 1708. 

Daniel Groome." 

(Anne Arundel County Deeds.) 

Samuel* Groome, the younger brother of Daniel^ 
Groome, following the example of so many members of his 
family, would naturally have turned his attention to the 
Colonies, and we probably find in him that Samuel* Groome 
who, previous to the year 17 18, arrived from England and 
settled at Worton Creek, Kent County, Maryland. His 
identity is indicated by the consistent plan of nomen- 
clature adopted by him for his children, and by a compari- 
son of such of their names as are not directly traceable to 
his wife's family with the names of the main and collateral 
branches of the Middlesex family; thus, the name of his 
eldest son was Samuel, his own name and the name borne 
by the eldest son in each generation of the main branch of 
the Middlesex family; the name of his second son was 
Daniel, the name of his father and of his elder brother; 
the name of his third son was Charles, the name of his 
wife's father; the name of his eldest daughter was Sarah, 

29 



GROOME 



the name of the wife of his cousin Samuel" Groome (from 
whom, it will be remembered, he received a legacy on com- 
ing of age) as well as the name of Samuel^ Groome's 
eldest daughter; the name of his second daughter was 
Anne, presumably the name of his mother; the name of 
his third daughter w^as Elizabeth, presumably the name 
of his grandmother and also a name occurring in three gen- 
erations of the main branch of his family; the name of his 
fourth daughter was Jane, the name of one of his wife's 
sisters; the name of his fifth daughter w^as Margaret, the 
name of his wife; and the name of only one child, Milcah, 
remains unaccounted for. 

GENEALOGY 

8. SAMUEL^ GROOME (vi), of St. Paul's Parish, 
Kent County, Maryland, (assumed to be) the son of Daniel^ 
Groome and Anne (Revett) Groome, of Stoke by Nayland, 
Suffolk, England; died 1767 or 1768. (Inventory of his 
property by Jas. Piner and Wm. Ringgold, February 2nd, 
1768.) 

Samuel^ Groome is described as a mariner in sundry 
deeds dated 1723, 1724, and 1742. A family Bible, pur- 
chased in 1802 by his grandson. Dr. John^ Groome, con- 
tains an entry to the effect that Samuel^ Groome arrived 
at Worton Creek (Kent County, Maryland) from England. 
In 1724 Samuel^ Groome acquired by purchase a tract of 
land called Exchange, on Worton Creek, consisting of 100 
acres, being a portion of a tract known as Cornwallis' 
Choice; in 1728 he purchased a tract of land called Far- 
mouth, on Worton Creek, originally in Baltimore County, 
but at the date of the deed in Kent County, Maryland, 
consisting of 200 acres; in 1737 he purchased 50 acres of 
land, being another portion of the tract known as Corn- 
wallis' Choice; in 1742 he purchased 100 acres of land, 
being another portion of the tract called Cornwallis' Choice. 

30 



GROOME 



(Kent County Deeds.) Samuel^ Groome appears as a 
commissioner and justice of the peace for Kent County in 
1740 and 1743. (Commission Book in Maryland Historical 
Society.) He was elected churchwarden of St. Paul's Par- 
ish, April nth, 1726. (St. Paul's Parish Records.) Sam- 
uel^ Groome died intestate, an administration account 
being filed June 7th, 1769, by Charles^ Groome and John 
Waltham. (Administration Accounts, Kent County, Mary- 
land.) 

Samuel^ Groome m. Margaret Hynson, dau. of 
Charles^ Hynson and Margaret (Harris) Hynson, of 
Kent Island, Maryland, and had issue : 

Sarah, b. November 13th, 1719. 

Anne, b. July 14th, 1723. 

Samuel^, b. July 13th, 1725. Described as Samuel Groome, Jr., 
merchant, in deed dated 1756. His issue, Margaret (m. John 
Tilden Kennard; issue, Samuel Groome Kennard, b. July 28th, 
1785, d. November 7th, 1845; "^- Sarah — ), and Sarah (m. 
Major James Bowers). 

Elizabeth, b. September 15th, 1728. 

Daniel^, b. October 6th, 1730, d. without issue. 

CHARLESi (vid. Sec. 9). 

Jane, b. October 25th, 1735; m., December 15th, 1757, Thomas 
Miller. 

Margaret, b. September 5th, 1739. 

Milcah, b. September 8th, 1742, d. Dec. i8th, 1786; m., Jan. ist, 
1764, John' Page, son of Ralph Page and EHzabeth Page; their 
issue, James Page, b. Aug. 22nd, 1766; John^ Page, b. Dec. 13th, 
1768; Henry Page, b. Feb. i6th, 1770; Milcah Page, b. April ist, 
1774; and Elizabeth Page, d. 1787. 

9. CHARLES' GROOME (vii), of Chester Parish, 
Kent County, Maryland, son of Samuel* Groome and 
Margaret (Hynson) Groome, of St. Paul's Parish, Kent 
County, Maryland; born March 2nd, 1732; died March 
29th, 1791. 

Charles^ Groome, described as a farmer, purchased at 
different times the following tracts of land: from Thomas 
Perkins a tract called Hopefull Unity, 150 acres, February 

31 



GROOME 



2oth, 1761 (Kent Co. Deeds, liber J. S.) ; from Richard 
Hynson a tract called Rickett's Farm, 68 acres, September 
23rd, 1780 (Kent Co. Deeds, liber D. D.) ; from Henry 
Brooks a tract called Pope's Chance, 20 acres, October i8th, 
1784 (Kent Co. Deeds); with John Kennard from Arthur 
Bryan a tract called Worton Manor, 220 acres. May 25th, 

1790 (Kent Co. Deeds, liber B. C.) ; from John Kennard 
his share of the tract called Worton Manor, January 19th, 

1 791 (Kent Co. Deeds, liber B. C). He was made registrar 
of Chester Parish, Kent County, Maryland, February 4th, 
1766, shortly after the parish had been created by an Act 
of Assembly from parts of St. Paul's Parish and Shrewsbury 
Parish. Charles' Groome held the position of registrar of 
Chester Parish until the day of his death. He and John 
Waltham, as administrators of Samuel Groome, filed an 
account June 7th, 1769, and he filed another account as sole 
administrator, January 27th, 1776. (Administration Ac- 
counts, Kent Co.) An inventory of Charles' Groome's 
estate, filed July 21st, 1791 (Kent Co., Md., Inventories), 
showed that he died possessed of 25 negro slaves. Charles 
Groome died of smallpox, the year 1791 being memorable 
in Kent County for the general inoculation of the inhabitants 
to arrest the ravages of that disease. 

Charles' Groome m., ist, Martha Dunn, dau. of 
Robert^ Dunn and Anne (Miller) Dunn, of Broadnox, 
Kent County, Maryland, and had issue: 

Daniel* (vid. Sec. 10). 

James' (vid. Sec. 11). 

Martha, b. February 12th, 1763. 

Sarah, b. February 20th, 1765, d. April 25th. 1798. Her will, 

dated February 24th, 1798, was probated May 3rd, 1798. 
Charles-, b. February 25th, 1767, d. July 27th, 1824, unmarried. 
JOHN' (vid. Sec. 12). 
William', b. March 19th, 1771, d. prior to 1788. 

Charles' Groome m., 2nd, Sarah Kennard (d. Sept. 
nth, 1800), and had issue: 

32 



GROOME 



MiLCAH, b. Sept. 2nd, 1773, d. Sept. 2nd, 1792. 

Ann, b. July 23rd, 1775; m. James Buchanan; their issue, Mary 
Ann Buchanan (m. Richard Frisby). 

Samuel* (vid. Sec. 13). 

Henrietta, b. March 23rd, 1779, in. William Pearce. 

Elizabeth, b. April 20th, 1781, d. October 1794- 

Mary, b. March 2nd, 1785, m., ist, 1802, Josias^ Ringgold; their 
issue, Josias^ Ringgold (m., Dec, 1826, Ann EHza Cruikshanks) ; 
Sarah Ann Ringgold; Charles Ringgold; Mary Ann Ringgold 
(m., Feb. 6th, 1827, Dr. Jacob Fisher); Henrietta Groome 
Ringgold (m. Joseph Rasin) ; and William Groome Ringgold; 
m., 2nd, Benjamin' Blakiston Wroth; their issue, Charles Wroth; 
Kinwin Wroth; Elizabeth Wroth; Benjamin^ Blakiston Wroth 
(m., Nov. i6th, 1848, Anne CaroHne Clayton); and William 
Groome Wroth (m. Mary Poits). 

William^ Hynson (vid. Sec. 14). 

Joseph^ Charles, b. October 3rd, 1791. 

By direction of the Vestry of Chester Parish, Charles^ 
Groome wrote the following letter to the Rev. Philip 
Hughes under the date of August 4th, 1769. 

"Dear Sir: I am directed by the Vestry to acquaint you that they 
have ordered me to register your induction whenever you please to pro- 
duce it, and have given orders for your admission into the church any 
time when you will attend. And the Vestry would be glad if you will 
preach at the Church to-morrow August 5th, 1769. 



r^.. 



... yy rmryyuy 




(Chester Parish Records.) 



WILL OF CHARLES GROOME. 

{Kent County, Maryland, Wills, liber 7, page 315.) 

In the name of God Amen, I, Charles Groome, of Kent County & 
State of Maryland, being sound and disposing memory & understanding, 
considering the certainty of death, & uncertain of the time thereof, being 
desirous to settle my worldly affairs, & thereby be the better prepared 
to leave this world, when it shall please God to call me hence, do there- 
fore make & publish this my last Will & Testament, in manner & form 
following, that is to say. 

J 33 



GROOME 



First. I give and bequeath unto my dear wife the use of all my 
lands except that tract or parcel of land, I bought of the State, called 
Tildens' Forest, during her widowhood, & all the crops that shall be on 
said lands, at my death, & all debts due to my estate, towards paying all 
my just Debts, & supporting and Educating & bringing up my young 
children, out of the profits arising from said lands, & outstanding Debts. 
But in case my wife should die before my debts be paid, and children 
Educated and brought up, then and in that case my will and desire is 
that my son James Groome, should take possession of the above men- 
tioned lands, in order to settle and pay the balance of said debts, if there 
be any left unpaid, & support & Educate & bring up my said youngest 
children, untill they come of age, with what portion they may have, and 
if my son James Groome should die, before this my last will be sufficient, 
then my will & desire is that my son John Groome, should take possession 
of said lands, & have and enjoy every privilege & advantige and be under 
every obligation, as my son James would have been if he had lived. 

Item, My will and desire is that the tract of land I bought of the 
state called Tildens' Forest, be sold by heirs at their discretion, when 
they may think it most convenient and advantageous, & the money arising 
from the sale, to be equally divided between my sons, Daniel, Charles 
& John Groome, & my daughter Sarah Groome. 

Item, I give and bequeath unto my son Daniel Groome, all my ne- 
groes he has in his possession, except Tush, and my book account I have 
against him & no more. But in case my Estate should be obliged to pay 
any Debts of my son Daniel, that I am security for the same, shall be 
taken out of his portion of the sales of the land, I have given him, and if 
not enough to satisfy said Debts or claims, he shall allow it in my book 
account I have against him. 

Item,, I give & bequeath unto my two sons Samuel, & William Hyn- 
son Groome, all that tract or parcel of land lying on Worton Creek, I 
bought of Arthur Bryan, John Kinnard, to them and their heirs law- 
fully begotten, & if either of said sons should die without such heirs, his 
part to go to surviving one, and if both should die without such heirs, the 
said land shall then be divided between all surviving sisters of my present 
wifes children. 

Item, My will and desire is that all my negroes, except what is given 
already or will be mentioned hereafter, after my wifes third part be taken 
out be divided between all my children, except my son Daniel, who has 
his share given already. 

Ite'in, I give unto my son John Groome, his choice of all my horses. 
Item, My will is that all the residue of my personal Estate after my 
wifes third part is taken out be equally divided between all the children 
of my present wife, and my daughter Sarah Groome. 

Item, My will & desire is that all my three negro men, Philip, Tush, 
& Napraw be free after my death, at the end of the same year. 

Item, My will & desire is that after my heirs comes in possession of 
my home plantation that they shall pay unto my five daughters, Milcah, 

34 



GROOME 



Ann, Henrietta, Elizabeth, & Mary Groome, three hundred pounds cur- 
rent money, in four years after they take possession, & the former debts 
paid, otherwise my said daughters shall have liberty to take in possession 
all that part of my land I purchased of Richard Hjmson, & sell and dis- 
pose of the same at public vendue, & the money arising from the sale 
thereof be equally divided between, & if either of my said daughters should 
die before they come of age, I will their portion to be divided between 
the others. 

Item, My will and desire is that if in case my sons James Groome, 
or my son John Groome, should not to stand & abide by & fulfill their 
part of this my will, then & in that case I give & bequeath unto my son 
James Groome all my home land & plantation to him and his heirs law- 
fully begotten, and if he should die without such heirs, to my son John 
Groome. 

Item, My meaning & intention of the above will is not to debar my 
wife in case she shall marry, of her Dower, of my real estate, except the 
land I bought of the State called Tildens Forest. 

And lastly, I do appoint my dear wife Sarah Groome, executrix of 
this my last will. Dated loth. March Anno Domini, 1791. 
Witnesses, H.\r. Everitt. Charles Groome. 

Joseph Everitt, Sen. 
William Hicks. Probated May 7th, 1791. 

Note. — The land held by Charles^ Groome at the time of his death 
and bequeathed in the above will was disposed of by his heirs as follows : 
John* Groome sold his interest in the tract called Tilden's Forest to his 
brother Charles^ Groome, May 2nd, 1801; Sarah Kennard Groome, 
widow and executrix of Charles' Groome, having died September nth, 
1800, James' Groome foM the tracts known as HopefuU Unity, Pope's 
Chance, and Rickett's . jrm to Samuel Wallis, March 2nd, 1802; James' 
Groome sold his interest in the land on Worton Creek to Samuel^ 
Groome, March 2nd, 1802, for 5 shillings and for the further consider- 
ation that Samuel'' Groome should educate William- Hynson Groome 
and Joseph' Groome, minor sons of Charles' Groome (Kent Co. Deeds, 
liber T. W.); Samuel" Groome and William^ Hynson Groome sold a 
part of Worton Manor to William Hosier, April 14th, 1810; Charles^ 
Groome sold 108 acres of the tract known as Tilden's Forest to Luke 
Howard, Sept. 17th, 181 2; James Buchanan, Mary Ringgold, Samuel^ 
Groome, William- Hynson Groome, and Joseph' Charles Groome 
sold a part of the tract known as Tilden's Forest to Luke Howard, 
Augvxst 30th, 1817 (Kent County Deeds, liber B. C). 

10. DANIEL* GROOME (viii), of Kent County, Mary- 
land, son of Charles' Groome and Martha (Dunn) Groome, 
of Chester Parish, Kent County, Maryland; born October 
28th, 1758 ; died November 9th, 1805. 

35 



GROOME 



Daniel' Groome purchased from John Wilson, April 
23rd, 1788, a tract of land called Green Branch, 167 acres, 
in Kent County, and a tract called Perkins' Addition, 115 
acres, in the same county. (Kent Co. Deeds.) 

Daniel^ Groome m. Martha Gibbons (b. Jan. 7th, 
1767; d. Dec. 28th, 1797), and had issue: 

Peregrine William (vid. Sec. 15). 
Martha Dunn, m. J. L. Newman. 
Margaret, m. William Newman. 
Gabriel. 

Lavinia, d. August, 1849, unmarried; buried at Shrewsbury Church. 
(Shrewsbury Parish Records.) 

(From Journal of Peregrine William Groome.) 

11. JAMES' GROOME (viii), of Kent County, Maryland, 
son of Charles' Groome and Martha (Dunn) Groome, 
of Kent County. Maryland; born September 18th, 1760; 
died 1824. 

James' Groome m. Sarah Perkins, dau. of Col. Isaac 
Perkins and Ann Perkins, of Kent County. Maryland, 
and had issue : 

IsAAC^ Perkins (vid. Sec. 16). 
Charles'' D. (vid. Sec. 17). 
James^ W., d. without issue. 
Thomas B. 

(Kent County Wills. Letters of Mrs. Sarah A. Holden 
and Charles'" M. Groome. Old Kent, Geo. A. Hanson.) 

12. DR. JOHN' GROOME (viii), of Elkton, Cecil 
County, Maryland, son of Charles' Groome and Martha 
(Dunn) Groome; born May 2nd, 1769; died May i8th. 1830. 

John* Groome was educated at Chestertown, Maryland, 
and studied medicine under Dr. George Wallace, of Elkton, 
where he subsequently practised. He purchased from Jo- 
seph Wallaston 200 acres of land known as White's Folly, 
October 15th. 1800 (Cecil Co., Md., Deeds), and from Mary 
Scott, his wife's sister, a tract of land known as By Chance 
and Adventure, 139 acres, October 20th, 181 5 (Kent Co. 

36 



GROOME 



Deeds). His account as his father's executor was allowed 
May 28th, 1829. (Administration Accounts of Kent Co.). 
He was a subscriber to a Bible printed for Matthew Carey 
at Philadelphia, October 27th, 1802. John^ Groome's will, 
dated April 21st, 1827, was probated June 9th, 1830. 

JoHN^ Groome m., August 31st, 1799, Elizabeth 
Jennette Black (widow^ of Dr. George Wallace), dau. of 
James" Black and Jennette (Wallace) Black, of Black's 
Cross Roads, Kent County, Maryland, and had issue: 

JoHN'^ Charles (vid. Sec. 18). 

SAMUEL" WILLIAM (vid. Sec. 19). 

Elizabeth Jennette, b. February 12th, 1805, d. August 20th, 1866; 
m., December 12th, 1831, Captain Matthew' C. Pearce; their 
issue, Matthew'-' Carroll Pearce, b. March 14th, 1839, d. Novem- 
ber 27th, 1866; Mary Wallace Pearce, b. April 26th, 1843 C"^-' 
January loth, 1872, Dr. Andrew B. Mitchell); Elizabeth Jen- 
nette Pearce, b. December 22nd, 1846 (m., January 19th, 1876, 
Chnton McCullough; issue, H. Clinton McCullough, Matthew 
Pearce McCullough, Hiram McCullough, and John Groome 
McCullough); and Ellen M. J. Pearce, b. October 2Sth, 1848, d. 
July 13th, 1898. 

The following bill of sale, dated July 22nd, 1805, is 
recorded in Cecil County, Maryland, Deeds: 

" Know all men that I, John Groome, of Elkton, Cecil County, 
Maryland, for the sum of 50 pottnds, los. paid by' Thomas Moore, 
merchant of the City of Baltimore, hath sold said Thomas Moore, all 
my rights of the following negros, Cyrus, aged 10 years last May, and 
Ned, aged about 7 years last March." 

13. SAMUEL*^ GROOME (viii), of Easton, Talbot 
County, Maryland, son of Charles' Groome and Sarah 
(Kennard) Groome; born May 7th, 1777; died March 14th, 
1828: 

Samuel" Groome filed an account as administrator of 
his mother's, estate, September 26th, 1807. March 2nd, 
1802, he undertook the care and education of his younger 
brothers, William^ Hynson Groome and Joseph' Charles 
Groo.me, receiving as a consideration from his father's 
estate an interest in a piece of land on Worton Creek. 

37 



GROOME 



vKent County Deeds.) On January i8th, 1811, he pur- 
chased from the widow of Owen Kennard a lot in the town 
of Easton, Maryland, on which he afterwards built the 
house which served as his residence. (Talbot County 
Deeds.) (The knocker from the front door of this house was 
transferred in 1900 to the door of the Mansion House at 
Airlie, near Warrenton, Virginia.) 

Samuel" Groome m., ist, Margaret Denny (b. 1786, 
d. Dec. nth, 1810). (Talbot County Deeds, liber J. L., No. 
35. P- 70.) 

Samuel" Groome m., 2nd, October ist, 181 2, Deborah 
Morris (died January 2nd, 182 1), daughter of James 
Morris, and had issue: 

Ann Matilda, m., November 25th, 1840, Philip Henry Feddcman; 

their issue, Morris Groome Feddeman. 
Mary Elizabeth, m., June 9th, 1840, William* Smyth Thompson; 

their issue, Elizabeth Morris Thompson; Samuel Groome 

Thompson (m., July 8th, 1864, Caroline Nixon Winchester); 

Sarah Matilda Thompson (m., Feb. 28th, 1867, Frederick G. 

Earickson); Mary Rebecca Thompson; William- Augustine 

Thompson (m., June 9th, 1875, Florence Hungerford) ; and 

Charles Doudle Thompson. 
Other children, who did not survive their parents. 

WILL OF SAMUEL" GROOME. 
{Talbot County, Maryland, Wills, liber J. B., No. 8, page 357.) 

I Samuel Groome, of the Town of Easton, in Talbott County, and 
state of Maryland, merchant, In the first place 1 manumit, and set free 
all my negroes, and mulatto slaves, but their freedom shall not take 
effect untill their respective 35 years of age. But it is my will and I 
direct that if or either of them shall at any time before the arrival at the 
said age, freely and fully consent to removal to the Colony of Liberia, 
and emigrate thither under the direction of the Colonization Society, 
they shall be immediately free, and shall have the sum of Twenty Dollars 
each out of my estate. 

I give and devise unto my niece Lavinia Groome, an annuity of 
$100.00, for the term of 10 years from January next. 

After paying all my debts, I devise the residue to my two children, 
Anna M. Groome, and Mary E. Groome. 

I appoint my brother William Hynson Groome, sole executor of this 
my last will and testament. 

38 



GROOME 



In case m^^ daughters shall die without issue, I direct that my estate 
shall be divided into three equal parts, and go to my brother William H. 
Groome, my sister Mary Wroth, and my niece Mary Ann Frisby, daughter 
of my sister Nancy Buchannan. Will dated 9th. March 1828. 

Witnesses, Theodore Denny, Samuel Groome. 

N. Hammond, 
Samuel T. Kennard. 

A certificate, of which the following is a copy, was pre- 
sented to Captain John^ C. Groome, of Philadelphia, in 
1906, by the son of the negro to whom it was issued. 

State of Maryland, Talbot County, to wit: I hereby certify that by 
the last Will and Testament of Samuel Groome late of Talbot County 
aforesaid, deceased, proved in my office on the 17th day of March, 1828, 
he gave freedom to all his negroes, their freedom to take effect at the 
respective ages of Thirty-five years, and I further certify that Wm. H. 
Groome came and proved to my satisfaction that the bearer hereof call- 
ing himself George Reason, aged about thirty-five years, black complexion, 
about 5 feet 6 inches high, with a small scar on his left leg, and raised in 
the County aforesaid is one of the Identical negroes mentioned in and set 
free by said last Will and Testament. 

In Testimony of which I hereto subscribe my name and affix the 
seal of my office this 26th day of February, A.D. 1861. 

Certf. N. Rice, 

(Seal) Register of Wills for 

Talbot County. 

14. WILLIAM 2 HYNSON GROOME (viii), son of 
Charles^ Groome and Sarah (Kennard) Groome, of Tal- 
bot County, Maryland; born June 13th, 1788; died January 
9th, 1869. 

William^ Hynson Groome m., November 13th, 1833, 
Elizabeth Matilda Kennard (b. May 2nd, 1807; d. Jan. 
4th, 1863), dau. of Owen Kennard and Ann Kennard, 
and had issue : 

Charles* Owen, b. September 5th, 1834; m., November 24th, 1858, 
Helen Virginia Daingerfield (b. August 19th, 1837, d. March 15th, 
1875), dau. of Theodoric Bland Daingerfield and Ann Eliza 
(Thornley) Daingerfield, of Spottsylvania County, Virginia; their 
issue, Virginia Daingerfield, b. October 23rd, 1866, d. Novem- 
ber 6th, 1869; Helen Daingerfield, b. June 6th, 1869 (m., 
Feb. 3rd, 1898, Eugene Luber Beatty); Samuel" Mosley, b- 

39 



GROOME 



October 20th, 1871, d. Au;j;usl isi''- '•'^')7; Daingerfield Mosley, 
b. October 27th, 1873; ^^'^ ^^'"^ others, who died in infancy. 
Ann Kennard, b. November 27th, 1836; m., February 6th, 1862, 
Ehas' O. Dawson, of Easton, Maryland; their issue, EHzabeth 
Groome Dawson, b. November 21st, 1862 (m., October 19th, 

1887, Milton Campbell) ; William Groome Dawson, b. March 30th, 
1864 (m., January 22nd, 1889, Myra Phelps Wallace); Edith 
Dawson, b. November 15th, 1867, d. September 17th, 1868; 
Anna Kennard Dawson, b. July 26th, 1869 (m., October i6th, 

1888, Matthew Tilghman Goldsborough Earle); Edith Offley 
Dawson, b. September 19th, 1871; Elias'- O. Dawson, b. Feb- 
ruary 6th, 1873 (m., January 21st, 1900, Blanche H. Hoffman); 
and Claude Brownrigg Dawson, b. November 17th, 1874 (m., 
November 21st, 1900, Charles Eccleston Hayward). 

William' Hynson, b. May 4th, 1839, d. August 26th, 1841 1 twins 
Samuel'" Thomas, b. May 4th, 1839, d. August 17th, 1839 * 
Sarah Elizabeth, b. November 23rd, 1841, d. November 29th, 1841. 
Susan Amelia, b. June 17th, 1843, d. November 28th, 1843. 
Mary Elizabeth, b. March i6th, 1845, d. May 27th, 1845. 
Robert' William, b. August 20th, 1846; m., September 28th, 1871, 
Elizabeth Ennalls Trippe (d. Jan. 4th, 1899), of Newtown, L. I.; 
their issue, Elinor Condit, b. December 19th, 1874, d. Novem- 
ber 20th, 1892; W^illiam^ Hynson, b. October 4th, 1876; and 
Robert- Condit, b. February i6th, 1878. 

15. PEREGRINE WILLIAM GROOME (ix), of 
Easton, Maryland, son of Daniel* Groome and Martha 
(Gibbons) Groome, of Kent County, Maryland; born March 
19th, 1794; died May 25th, 1870. 

Peregrine William Groome m. ist, August i8th, 1819, 
Maria Celixda Brown, of New York, and had issue: 

Maria Elizabeth, b. August 30th, 1820, d. January 30th, 1875; m., 
November, 1839, Thomas' Scott Dawson; their issue, Thomas^ 
Scott DaW'Son; Ella Groome Dawson; and Maria E. Dawson (m. 
Col. Horace Leeds Edmondson ; issue, William Leeds Edmond- 
son, Perry Groome Edmondson, and Alice Leigh Edmondson; m., 
ist. Gov. James^ Black Groome [vid. Sec. 21]; m., 2nd, Philip 
R. Fendall Young [vid. Sec. 41]). 

William-', b. March, 1822, d. February, 1823. 

Elizabeth, b. Dec, 1823, d. May, 1824. 

Peregrine William Groome m. 2nd, January i8th, 
1837, Eliza Ann Adrian. No issue. (From Journal of Pere- 
grine W. Groome.) 

40 



GROOME 



16. ISAAC PERKINS GROOME (ix), of Kent County, 
Maryland, son of James' GrooME and Sarah (Perkins) 
Groome, of Kent County, Maryland; born in Kent County; 
d. January, 1838. 

Isaac' Perkins GroOiME m., January i6th, 1823, Emily 
E. Smith (b. May i6th, 1803, d. March ist, 1847), and had 
issue : 

Marietta D., b. January 24th, 1824, d. August, 1835. 

William* Henry, b. July 17th, 1825, d. August 14th, 1825. 

Isaac''' Jefferson (vid. Sec. 20). 

Emily E., b. October 29th, 1829, d. March 24th, 1831. 

Charles*, b. February 28th, 1831, d. March 24th, 1832. 

Sarah Ann, b. January 21st, 1833; m. ist, August 25th, 1857, 
Hugh Wallis (d. November 27th, 1857), of Kent County, Mary- 
land; m. 2nd, July 26th, 1880, Rev. Levi Lincoln Holden (d. 
April 30th, 1894). 

Samuel* Thomas, b. February 23rd, 1835, d. September 7th, 1835. 

Susan Jane, b. December 4th, 1836, d. August 14th, 1837. 

Brainerd Ashbury, of Petersburg, Virginia, b. July 3rd, 1838. He 
was a soldier in the Confederate Army, and died January 5th, 
1864, at Fort Delaware. 

(Letters of Mrs. Sarah A. Holden.) 

17. CHARLES'' D. GROOME (ix), of Kent County, 
Maryland, son of James^ Groome and Sarah (Perkins) 
Groome, of Kent County, Maryland; born 1800; died 
May 17th, 1884. 

Charles^ D. Groome m.. May 29th, 1825, Sarah A. 
Miller (d. jcin. 22nd, 1844), and had issue: 

Charles^ M., b. October, 1834; m., 1863, Mary A. Huggins; their 
issue, WilHs F., b. 1864 (m., December 5th, 1894, Margaret 
White; issue, Arthur T., Marietta F., and Margaret A.) ; James'' 
Perkins, b. 1866 (m., Dec. 2nd, 1901, Florence N. File); and 
Essie H., b. 1868, d. 1880. 

Evelina, d. without issue. 

James* Perkins, d. without issue. 

Marietta, d. without issue. 

Sarah A., d. without issue. 

Joseph- T., d. withotit issue. 

(Letters of Charles^ M. Groome.) 

41 



GROOME 



18. Colonel JOHN' CHARLES GROOME (ix), of 
Elkton, Cecil County, Maryland, son of Dr. John* Groome 
and Elizabeth Jennette (Black) Groome, of Elkton, Cecil 
County, Maryland; born June 8th, 1800; died November 
30th, 1866. 

John"' Charles Groome graduated from Princeton Col- 
lege, 18 1 9, as the first honor man of his class. He studied 
law in the office of Judge Chambers, of Chestertown, Mary- 
land, and subsequently graduated from the Litchfield Law 
College. He entered upon the practice of law at Elkton, 
Maryland, in 1822. In 1833 he was elected to the Maryland 
Senate to fill an unexpired term, and upon its expiration 
he declined re-election. In 1857 he was nominated as inde- 
pendent candidate for Governor of Maryland, having the 
indorsement of the Democratic party. He was defeated, 
receiving, however, a majority of the vote of the State out- 
side of the city of Baltimore. He served as aide-de-camp on 
the staff of Thomas Ward Veazey, Governor of Maryland, 
1835-1838. 

John"' Charles Groome m., December 6th, 1836, 
Elizabeth Riddle Black, dau. of Judge James* Rice 
Black and Maria E. (Stokes) Black, of New Castle, 
Delaware, and had issue : 

James* Black (vid. Sec. 21). 

John' Charles, b. December 22nd, 1839, d. October i6th, i860. 

Maria Stokes, b. September 3rd, 1842; m., April 27th, 1864, Hon. 
William' M. Knight, of Baltimore, Maryland; their issue, William' 
Knight, b. April 13th, 1865; John Charles Groome Knight, b. 
September 9th, 1866, d. Jul}'^ 27th, 1888; Elizabeth Black 
Knight, b. September 28th, 1868; Ethel Knight, b. October 28th, 
1873; James Groome Knight, b. April 13th, 1875; Maria Stokes 
Knight, b. February 17th, 1877; and Rebecca Knight, b. Septem- 
ber 23rd, 1880. 

Elizabeth Black, b. July 17th, 1844; m., June 13th, 1866, Albert' 
Constable, of Elkton, Maryland; their issue, Alice Constable, 
b. August 14th, 1867, d. July i6th, 1888; Arline Constable, b. 
March 22nd, 1870; Albert'- Constable, b. July 22nd, 1871 (m., 
June 6th, 1906, Emily Evans); John Groome Constable,!). Sep- 
tember 15th, 1872; Henry Lyttleton Constable, b. March 27th, 
42 



GROOME 



187s; Reginald Constable, b. Jan. 7th, 1878 (m. Oct. 25th, 1905, 
Rebecca Steele Evans) ; Katharine Young Constable, b. August 
ist, 1879; William Pepper Constable, b. March 27th, 1882; and 
Mary Constable, b. April 14th, 1884. 

Jane, b. March 17th, 1847; "^-i January 31st, 1872, Dr. John' Jan- 
vier Black, of New Castle, Delaware; their issue, Elizabeth 
Groome Black, b. October 30th, 1872; Groome Black, b. June 
8th, 1S74, d. September 13th, 1877; Armytage Middleton Black, 
b. November 20th, 1875 (m., October 4th, 1899, Henry Lee 
Fulenwider ; issue, John Janvier Black Fulenwider, b. July 24th, 
1901); and John- Janvier Black, b. July 29th, 1880, d. Feb. 6th, 
1881. 

William® Henry Page, b. February 13th, 1849; d. May 3rd, 1850. 

19. DR. SAMUEL' WILLIAM GROOME (ix), of 
Elkton, Cecil County, Maryland, son of Dr. John* Groome 
and Elizabeth Jennette (Black) Groome, of Cecil 
County, Maryland; born July 26th, 1802; died May nth, 
1843, and was buried in the burying-ground of the Head 
of Christiana Presbyterian Church, Newark, Delaware. 

Samuel^ William Groome graduated from the Jefferson 
Medical College in Philadelphia, and returned to Elkton to 
practise medicine. May 29th, 1824, he was elected cornet 
of the Elkton Troop of Cavalry, commanded by Captain 
Samuel Hollings worth. At the time of his death he was 
president of the Elkton Lyceum. 

Samuel" William Groome m., January 26th, 1830, 
Elizabeth Sheward Allen, dau. of Joshua Allen and 
Anna (Moore) Allen, of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

John® Charles, b. February 19th, 1831, d. February 20th, 1831. 

Anna Allen, b. July 8th, 1832; m., November 20th, 1854, Charles' 
Chauncey Whittlesey (died March loth, 1875), son of Gen. 
Chauncey Whittlesey, of Middletown, Conn. ; their issue, Chaun- 
cey Whittlesey, b. Oct. 9th, 1855, d. Sept. 2nd, 1856; Elizabeth 
Groome Whittlesey, b. June 21st, 1857, d. Oct. 16th, 1862; 
Nancy Allen Whittlesey, b. March 6th, 1859, d. April i8th, 
1859; Alice Groome Whittlesey, b. May 21st, i860 (m., March 
23rd, 1886, Joseph Carson Williams); Lucy Randolph Whittle- 
sey, b. Feb. 6th, 1863, d. July i6th, 1886; Iva Whittlesey, b. 
Dec. 1 8th, 1864; Charles- Chauncey Whittlesey, b. July i6th, 
1866, d. March 5th, 1868; Edith Whittlesey, b. Jan. 6th, 1869, 

43 



GROOME 



Lillie Whittlesey, b. March mUi, 1871, d. Xov. 17th, 1886; and 
Groome' Whittlesey, b. Jan. 17th, 1873 (m., June 17th, 1900, 
Marie Henriette Booth; issue, Charles-' Chauncey, b. May iSth, 
igoi, and Groome'-, b. July 12th, 1903, d. Sept. 21st, 1903). 
SAMUEL* WILLIAM (vid. Sec. 22). 

The following resolutions were passed by the Elkton 
Lyceum, May nth, 1843: 

"Resolved, That this Lyceum has received with deep and unfeigned 
regret the melancholy intelligence of the death of its late President, Dr. 
Samuel W. Groome. 

"Resolved, That in token of respect for the memory of the deceased 
the members of this Lyceum will wear the usual badge of mourning for 
the space of thirty days. 

"Resolved, That the members of this Society will attend the funeral 
of the deceased. 

"Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be published in the Cecil 
Whig and Cecil Democrat. 

"Resolved, That in further token of respect for the memory of the 
deceased this Society adjourn. 

"Thos. M. Coleman, V. President, 
H. C. Mackall, acting Sec'y." 

20. ISAAC- JEFFERSON GROOME (x), of Peters- 
burg, Virginia, son of Isaac' Perkins Groome- and Emily 
E. (Smith) Groome, of Kent County, Maryland; born Feb- 
ruary 13th, 1827. 

IsAAC^ Jefferson Groome m. ist, June, 1853, Eliza- 
beth Collett (d. May 31st, 1866), at Baltimore, Maryland, 
and had issue : 

William' Wallis, b. August 30th, 1854, at Baltimore; m., July 27th, 
1879, Lutitia Seavert; their issue, Alma Elizabeth, b June 19th, 
1880 (m. Joseph Frazier; no issue); Herbert Revere, b. Janu- 
ary 2ist, 1883; Mabel Estelle, b. January nth, 1886 (m., 
December 25th, 1904, Charles' Madison Gawthrop; issue, Charles^ 
Madison Gawthrop, b. September 28th, 1906); Blanche Wallis, 
b. December 28th, 1888; Sadie Lelia, b. September 7th, 1892; 
and Edith Seavert, b. October 4th, 1894. 

IsAAC^ Perkins, b. June 6th, 1856; m., Mardh ist, 1883, Ida Estelle 
Green, at Williamsburg, Kansas; their issue, Walter Brainerd, 
b. September 7th, 1884; Edgar Howard, b. August, 1887; 
James'"' Perkins, b. May 7th, 1892 ; and Virgil Gladys, b. July 28th, 
1899. 

Emily, b. 1858, d. 1863. 

44 



GROOME 



Sarah Ellen, b. January 6th, 1862; m., January 23rd, 1884, Marion 
Brooks Wallis; their issue, Hugh Bodien Wallis, b. Septem- 
ber 7th, 1885 C"^-. October 25th, 1906, Grace Bennett); Medford 
Holden Wallis, b. November nth, 1889; and Herman Neal 
Wallis, b. January i8th, 1894. 

Mary Elizabeth, b. April 2nd, 1866, d. June 30th, 1866. 

Isaac' Jefferson Groome m. 2d, October 29th, 1868, 
Martha Sheffield (d. August ist, 1902), and had issue: 

Senora Odessa, b. November loth, 1869; m., October 17th, 1888, 
John' Edward Mayes, of Belfield, Virginia; their issue, Margery 
Waller Mayes, b. August i8th, 1889; Edward Wallis Mayes, b. 
October 3rd, 1890; James Preston Mayes, b. May 13th, 1892; 
Carl Jefferson Mayes, b. August 27th, 1893; Augusta Emily 
Mayes, b. April 6th, 1895; Robert Arthur Mayes, b. January 27th, 
1897; Herbert Shelton Mayes, b. November i6th, 1898; John^ 
Wesley Mayes, b. January 27th, 1901; Martha Evelyn Mayes, 
b. June 15th, 1902; William Doris Mayes, b. May 8th, 1904; 
and Senora Odessa Mayes, b. January 29th, 1906, d. November 
26th, 1906. 

Emily Augusta, b. June loth, 1874, d. May 4th, 1895. 

Bertha Lelia, b. October 12th, 1878; m., July 5th, 1897, George 
Arthur Beasley, of Petersburg, Virginia; their issue, Sarah 
Augusta Beasley, b. December 5th, 1898; Stella P^ay Beasley, 
b. March 13th, 1900; Bertha Edna Beasley, b. October i8th, 
i90i;'and Edgar Lee Beasley, b. March 6th, 1903. 

Irving Brainerd, b. January 30th, 1882; m., November 27th, 
1902, Celia May Stallings; their issue, Preston Edmond, b. 
November 18th, 1904; and Melvin Jefferson, b. June, 1906. 
(Letters of Mrs. Sarah A. Holden.) 

21. Governor JAMES' BLACK GROOME (x), of 
Elkton, Cecil County, Maryland, son of Col. John'"' Charles 
Groome and Elizabeth Riddle (Black) Groome, of Elk- 
ton, Cecil County, Maryland; born April 4th, 1838; died 
October 4th, 1893, and was buried in the churchyard of the 
Presbyterian Church at Elkton, Maryland. 

James'^ Black Groome was educated at Mt. Washington, 
Maryland, and at the New Jersey Collegiate School. He 
studied law in his father's office and was admitted to prac- 
tice at the Cecil County bar in 1861. In 1871 he was 
elected to the Maryland Legislature (House of Delegates) 
and was re-elected in 1873. In 1874 he was inaugurated 

45 



Cx R O O M E 



Governor of Maryland, having been elected to fill the unex- 
pired term of the Hon. Pinkney White, and held this of^ce 
until 1876. From 1879 to 1885 he represented the State of 
Maryland in the United States Senate, and from 1886 to 
1890 held the of^ce of Collector of Customs at Baltimore, 
having been appointed by President Cleveland. 

James^ Black Groome m., February 29th, 1876, 
Alice Leigh Edmondson, dau. of Horace Leeds 
Edmondson and Maria E. (Dawson) Edmondson, of Bal- 
timore, Maryland, and had issue : 

Maria Edmondson, b. February 9th, 1877; m., December loth, 
1904, Atwell C. Baylay, Lieutenant, Royal Engineers, British 
Army; their issue, Alice Leigh Armynel Groome Baylay, b. 
October 8th, 1905. 

22. SAMUEL^ WILLIAM GROOME (x), of Phila- 
delphia, Pa., son of Dr. Samuel' William Groome and 
Elizabeth Sheward (Allen) Groome, of Elkton, Mary- 
land; born December 3rd, 1835. 

Samuel^ William Groome was born in Elkton, Mary- 
land, and at the age of fifteen, his father having died some 
years previously, was taken to Philadelphia by his mother 
to be educated. He entered the Protestant Episcopal 
Academy, and, after completing his education at that insti- 
tution, he engaged in mercantile business in Philadelphia. 
He was first connected with the wholesale dry-goods house 
of C. W. Churchman, and afterwards formed a partner- 
ship with Theodore Emery in the coal business. He was 
connected with Edward J. Etting, iron broker, and in 1879 
formed a partnership with J. F. Bailey, under the name of 
J. F. Bailey & Company, iron commission merchants. He 
was a member of the German Club of Philadelphia, the 
Philadelphia Club, a founder of the Philadelphia Fencing 
and Sparring Club, and of the Philadelphia Gun Club, 
being the first president of the latter organization. He 
was also a member of the University Barge Club and was 

46 



GROOME 



elected commodore of the Schuylkill Navy, 1861, and served 
as such by re-election until 1867. 

Samuel^ William Groome m., January nth, i860, 

Nancy Andrews Connelly, dau. of Harry- Connelly 

and Eliza (Andrews) Connelly, of Philadelphia, and had 

issue : 

HARRY CONNELLY* (vid. Sec. 23). 
JOHN» CHARI^MS* (vid. Sec. 24). 

BhIZA ANDREWS* b. November 21st, 1864; m., April 5th, 
1888, Thomas* Reath (b. Jan. i8th, 1859), o^ Philadelphia, son 
of Benjamin B. Reath and Emma Wood Reath, of Philadelphia; 
their issue, Thomas- Reath, b. November 2nd, 1890; and Nancy 
Andrews Reath, b. October 27th, 1894. 

SAMUEL'' WILI.IAM* (vid. Sec. 25). 

ALEXANDER COXE* (vid. Sec. 26). 

PIERCE FRANCIS* (vid. Sec. 27). 

23. Major HARRY CONNSLLY GROOMB (xi), 
of Airlie, Fauquier County, Virginia, son of Samuel^ Wil- 
liam Groome and Nancy Andrews (Connelly) Groome^ 
of Philadelphia; bom November 7, i860. 

Harry Connelly Groome was born at the residence 
of his grandfather, Harry^ Connelly, No. 2037 Walnut 
Street, Philadelphia. He was graduated from the Protes- 
tant Episcopal Academy in 1876 and entered the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania in the class of 1880, from w^hich insti- 
tution he was, however, unable to graduate owing to the 
financial embarrassments of his father. He entered the 
latter's office in 1878, where he remained until the autumn 
of 1883. In 1884 he purchased a farm of 700 acres in Wythe 
County, Virginia, called "Locust Hill," in partnership with 
his brother, John- Charles Groome, and W. O. Moore of 
Wytheville, Virginia. He returned to Philadelphia in 1889. 
He served as resident secretary of the Philadelphia Country 
Club in 1 89 1 and introduced the game of golf in Philadelphia. 
He was instrumental in introducing the game of polo in 

* The persons whose names are thus indicated are the subjects of 
the pedigree which forms the framework of this volume. 

47 



G R O O INI E 



Philadelphia in 1890 and was for several seasons captain of 
the local team. In 1894 he accepted an appointment as an 
assistant cashier of Customs under John R. Reade, Collector 
of Customs at Philadelphia during President Cleveland's 
second administration. 

. His connection with the State militia of Pennsylvania, 
with which he was prominently identified, began in 1883, 
when he was elected a member of the First Troop, Phila- 
delphia City Cavalry. He served with this organization 
for eleven years, being appointed corporal 1889, sergeant 
1890, first sergeant 1894, and elected second lieutenant 
1894. As a member of this troop he was in riot service at 
Homestead, Pa., 1892. He resigned his commission Decem- 
ber, 1894, and was appointed first lieutenant and adjutant 
of the Third Regiment Infantry N. G. P. by Colonel Robert 
Ralston, March, 1895. In 1896 he was appointed Assistant 
Adjutant-General, with the rank of major, by Brigadier- 
General John W. Schall, commanding the First Brigade 
N. G. P. In 1897 he brought out a "Military Handbook," 
a compilation of some pretensions, prepared for the use 
of the National Guard of Pennsylvania, which was recom- 
mended for the "guidance and instruction of the N. G. P. 
in all matters not otherwise prescribed by competent au- 
thority," in a circular published by the Adjutant-General 
of Pennsylvania in August of that year. Major-Genera 1 
George R. Snowden, commanding the Division N. G. P., 
appointed him aide-de-camp, in 1898, and in this capacity 
he attended the mobilization of the Pennsylvania militia 
at Mount Gretna on the outbreak of the war with Spain. 
As general officers of the militia with their staffs were not 
oft'ered commissions as such in the volunteer army. Major 
Groom E accepted a commission as first lieutenant and ad- 
jutant of the Third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, May 
ist, 1898. This regiment was ordered to Chickamauga and 
attached to the First Brigade, Second Division, First Army 
Corps. May 28th Lieutenant Groom e was appointed Acting 

48 



GROOME 



Assistant Adjutant-General of the brigade to which his 
regiment was attached, but a few days later was relieved 
of duty at his own request, his regiment having been trans- 
ferred to the Third Brigade, Provisional Division, Fifth 
Corps, formed to re-enforce General Shafter at Tampa, 
where it immediately proceeded. Owing to inadequate 
transportation, however, the Third Pennsylvania remained 
at Tampa and was subsequently assigned to the Third 
Brigade, Second Division, Fourth Corps. The regiment 
proceeded from Tampa to Ferdinandina, Fla., July 31st, 
thence to Huntsville, Ala., August 27th, and from there 
was ordered back to Philadelphia, arriving September loth, 
and was mustered out of the United States service Octo- 
ber 22nd, 1898. Major Groome was placed on the retired 
list N. G. P. February 9th, 1899. 

In 1899 he acquired an estate near Warrenton, Vir- 
ginia, where he now lives. He organized the Fauquier 
Club at Warrenton, 1902, and served as its president until 
1905. He was elected a vestryman of St. James's Church, 
Hamilton Parish, Va., April 8th, 1904, and again in 1905 
and 1906. In 1905, in collaboration with his wife, Mary 
Groome, he edited an anthology of verse, under the title 
of "Saddle and Song," published in Philadelphia in the 
same year. He has been a member of the following 
organizations and clubs: Germantown Hare and Hounds 
Club, Philadelphia Riding Club, Philadelphia Fencing and 
Sparring Club, Germantown and Merion Cricket Clubs, 
Delta Psi Fraternity, College Boat Club of the U. of P., 
Philadelphia Barge Club, Alumni Association of U. of P., 
Philadelphia Polo Club, Philadelphia Country Club, Amer- 
ican Hunt and Pony Racing Association, Rose Tree Fox 
Hunting Club, Radnor Hunt, Warrenton Hunt, Chevy 
Chase Club (Washington, D. C), Young Men's Democratic 
Association (of Phila.), Military Order of Foreign Wars, 
Army and Navy Club of New York City, St. Anthony, 
University, and Rittenhouse Clubs of Philadelphia, Metro- 

4 49 



GROOME 



politan Club of Washington, D. C, and Fauquier Club 
of Warrenton, Virginia. 

Harry Connelly Groome m. ist, April ^nl, 1883, 
Elizabeth Dunbar Price (b. June 9, 1862; d. September 
26, 1883), dau. of Richard Price and Anna Maria 
(Dunbar) Price, of Philadelphia. 

Harry Connelly Groome m. 2nd, October i8th, 1899, 
Anne Louise Wright (b. July 31st, 1865; d. April 27th, 
1904), dau. of Charles Bristow Wright and Susan 
(Townsend) Wright, of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

Susan Townsend, b. November 5th, 1900. 

Harry Connelly Groome m. 3rd, July 7th, 1905, 
Mary Haskell Upton (b. December 5th, 1873), dau. of 
Edgar Wood Upton and Elizabeth Girdler (Evans) 
Upton, of Peabody, Mass. 

24. Captain JOHN' CHARLES GROOME (xi) , oi 
Philadelphia, son of Samuel'' William Groome and Nancy 
Andrews (Connelly) Groome, of Philadelphia; born 
March 20th, 1862, at Philadelphia. 

John* Charles Groome was graduated from the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Academy in 1877, and engaged in mer- 
cantile business in Philadelphia until 1883, when he joined 
his brother Harry Connelly Groome in the purchase of a 
farm known as Locust Hill, in Wythe County, Virginia. 
He resided on this property from the time of his marriage 
till 1888, when he returned to Philadelphia, and was shortly 
afterwards made treasurer of the Almy Manufacturing 
Company. In 1897 he accepted a position with Hutchinson 
& Company, wine merchants. In 1902 he established him- 
self as a wine merchant and importer under the name of 
Groome & Company. 

He was elected an active member of the First Troop 
Philadelphia City Cavalry in 1882. He was appointed cor- 

50 



GROOME 



poral in 1887 and sergeant in 1889. He was elected cornet 
in 1894 and first lieutenant six months later in the same 
year. In 1896 he succeeded General E. Burd Grubb as 
captain, to which office he w^as re-elected in 1901 and again 
in 1906. As a sergeant he was present with the troop during 
the riots at Homestead, Pa., in 1892. He commanded the 
troop in riot service at Hazleton, Pa., September nth to 
28th, 1897, and again in the same section of the State, 
October 8th to November 12th, 1902. 

Upon the declaration of war with Spain, April 21st, 
1898, the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, under the 
command of Captain Groome, participated in the mobili- 
zation of the National Guard of Pennsylvania at Mt. 
Gretna, Pa., and was mustered into the United States ser- 
vice May 7th. June 17th Captain Groome formed a squad- 
ron composed of the three cavalry troops of the National 
Guard of Pennsylvania, and as senior captain assumed 
command. July 7th this squadron was ordered to proceed 
from Mt. Gretna to Camp Alger at Dunn Loring, Virginia, 
where they were attached to the headquarters of the Sec- 
ond Army Corps. July 24th the squadron was ordered to 
Newport News, and on the 28th day of the same month the 
First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry, under command of 
Captain Groome, was detached from the squadron and 
embarked for Puerto Rico. The troop landed at Ponce, 
Puerto Rico, August 6th, under orders to report to General 
Brooke at Guayamo. H Troop, Sixth Cavalry, U. S. A., 
being added to Captain Groome 's command, he proceeded 
to Arroyo and thence to Guayamo, where he arrived on 
August 13th, and was directed by General Brooke to cover 
the left flank of the line of battle then being formed for an 
attack on the Spanish earthworks immediately in front of 
the American forces. Meantime the Peace Protocol be- 
tween the two governments had been signed and General 
Brooke received orders to suspend all military operations. 
September 3rd the troop embarked at Ponce for the United 

51 



GROOME 



States, and arriving home were mustered out of the volun- 
teer service November 21st. 

Among the notable incidents in the history of the First 
Troop during the period of Captain Groom e's command 
were the erection, in 1901, of a new armory on Twenty- third 
Street, between Chestnut and Market Streets, and a luncheon 
given in this armory, to President Roosevelt, on Washing- 
ton's Birthday, 1905, at which Captain Groome presided. 

The Department of Pennsylvania State Police having 
been created in 1905, Captain Groome was given command 
with the title of Superintendent by Governor Pennypacker, 
July ist, and directed to effect its organization. This force 
was to consist of mounted men who were to be divided into 
four troops and established in different localities of the State. 
The organization was completed in March, 1906, and the 
efficiency of the force was amply demonstrated during the 
strike riots which occurred in the summer of the same year. 

Captain Groome was elected secretary of the Philadel- 
phia Horse Show Association in 1895, and succeeded Mr. 
A. J. Cassatt as its president in 1899. He has been the del- 
egate from the Philadelphia Country Club to the Polo 
Association since the latter's organization in 1891, and has 
been a member of the executive committee of the National 
Polo Association since 1901. He has been at different times 
a member of the following organizations: Philadelphia 
Club, Racquet Club, Markham Club, Merion Cricket Club, 
Philadelphia Cricket Club, Radnor Hunt, Lima Hunt, 
Upland Hunt, Army and Navy Club of New York, and the 
Philadelphia Historical Society. 

John'^ Charles Groome m., April 15th, 1884, Agnes 
Price Roberts (b. October 31st, 1863), dau. of Edward 
Roberts and Martha Price (Evans) Roberts, of Phila- 
delphia, and had issue : 



Agnes Roberts, b. February 9th, 18 

Martha, b. March loth, 1886. 

John'' Charles, b. January 4th, 1897. 

52 



GROOME 



25. SAMUEL' WILLIAM GROOME (xi), of Phil- 
adelphia, son of Samuel^ William Groome and Nancy 
Andrews (Connelly) Groome, of Philadelphia; born Sep- 
tember 19th, 1872. 

Samuel^^ William Groome was educated at the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Academy, Philadelphia. After leaving 
school he spent several years in Chicago, and subsequently 
engaged in desultory newspaper work. In 1904 he estab- 
lished the Sportsman's Advertising Bureau and News 
Agency in Philadelphia. 

Samuel'- William Groome m., April 19th, 1894, Maud 
McClure (died Feb. 23rd, 1899). No issue. 

26. ALEXANDER COXE GROOME (xi), of Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania, son of Samuel^ William Groome 
and Nancy Andrews (Connelly) Groome, of Philadel- 
phia; born August 14th, 1875. 

Alexander Coxe Groome was born at Philadelphia 
and educated at the Protestant Episcopal Academy 1888-93, 
and at the Drexel Institute 1893-95. During his school 
days he was prominent in athletics, being captain of the 
football team of his school and of its track team. With 
two others he founded the Upsilon Omega Fraternity, the 
first inter-scholastic Greek-letter society of Philadelphia, 
and served as its president for fifteen years. He was 
employed as an electrician by the Bell Telephone Com- 
pany, Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, etc. 
In 1904 he entered the office of Merchant & Evans Co., of 
Philadelphia, tin-plate manufacturers, and in 1905 was 
placed in charge of their Baltimore agency. He has been a 
member of the following clubs : The Markham Club of Phil- 
adelphia, Philadelphia Fencing and Sparring Club, Merion 
Cricket Club, Philadelphia Barge Club, Green Spring Val- 
ley Hunt Club of Baltimore, Md., and the Upsilon Omega 
Fraternity. 

53 



GROOME 



27. PIURCn FRANCIS GROOME (xi), of Paris, 
Texas, son of Samuel^ William Groome and Nancy An- 
drews (Connelly) Groome, of Philadelphia, Pa. ; born 
November 6th, 1877. 

Pierce Francis Groome was born at Philadelphia and 
educated by a private tutor and at the Protestant Episco- 
pal Academy, 1888-91. After completing his education he 
found commercial employment in Philadelphia for a few 
years, after which he went to Texas and lived there on a 
cattle ranch until 1897, when he entered the service of 
Geo. H. McFadden & Bro., of Philadelphia, cotton mer- 
chants. He was first assigned to duty at cotton agencies in 
Texas and afterwards to their shipping department at Gal- 
veston. He was a survivor of the great Galveston flood of 
1900, and rendered important public service in the repression 
of outlawry during the re-establishment of civil authority. 
He was reassigned to duty at the cotton agencies in Texas, 
first at Temple in 1903 and afterwards at Paris, being placed 
in charge of the agency in the latter place in 1906. He 
enlisted in Battery A, National Guard of Pennsylvania, in 
1896, serving four months. He became a member of the 
Order of Masons, September, 1904. 

Pierce Francis Groome m., December 4th, 1900, 
Bessie Cecil Lewis (b. Nov. 9th, 1877), dau. of James 
William Lewis and Mary Ellen (Winston) Lewis, of 
Missouri, and had issue : 



Samuel''*, b. July loth, 1903. 
Mary Nancy, b. March 4th, 1906. 



HYNSON 



GENEALOGY 

28. THOMAS' HYNSON (iv), of Kent Island, Mary- 
land; born about 1620. (Court Proceedings, Kent County, 
Maryland.) 

Thomas^ Hynson settled in the Isle of Kent in 1650, 
and appears as Clerk of Kent County in 1652. (Court Pro- 
ceedings of Kent County, liber A, fol. 49-57.) In 1652 
Lord Baltimore's government was overthrown, and Stone, 
the Proprietary Governor, was deposed by four commis- 
sioners representing the Commonwealth of England. These 
commissioners appointed, July 31st, 1652, nine local com- 
missioners to administer the affairs of Kent Island, of whom 
Thomas^ Hynson was one. The Parliament subsequently 
being dissolved, the government of the Province of Mary- 
land passed into the hands of a commission, acting under 
the authority of the Lord Protector, which on March ist, 
1654, appointed Philip Conner Commander of the County 
of Kent; seven commissioners were named to assist the 
Commander of the Island, Thomas^ Hynson being one, and 
being also one of the Quorum. Thomas^ Hynson appears 
in 1655 as High Sheriff of Kent County (Court Proceedings, 
Kent County, liber A, fol. 100), and in 1659 he represented 
Kent County in the House of Burgesses. 

Thomas^ Hynson m. Grace (vid. chart in possession 

of Mrs. Thomas Hill), and had issue: 

JoHN^ (vid. Sec. 29). 

CHARLES' (vid. Sec. 30). 

Thomas'-, churchwarden of St. Paul's Parish in 17 14 and vestryman 

in 1722. 
Henry. 

55 



IIYNSON 

Copy of Commission recorded in Court Proceedings of Kent 
County, liber A, fol. 66. 

Whereas, the reducing, settling and governing of Virginia, and all 
the English plantations within the Bay of Chesapeake, was referred to 
certain Commissioners, by order from the Council of State for the Com- 
monwealth of England; and whereas, the Governor and Council for this 
Province of Maryland, in obedience and conformity to the said order and 
power, have authorized and deputed the persons, whose hands are here- 
unto subscribed, for settling the Isle of Kent, and the rather for that reason 
of some differences, and complaints by the inhabitants, there, against 
Capt. Robert Vaughan, the chief in place and command upon the said 
Island, the course of justice, and keeping courts for the better adminis- 
tration thereof, hath been of late discontinued: 

These are, therefore, in the name of the Keepers of the Liberty 
OF England, by authority of Parliament, to signify, and declare, that 
for the present, till further order out of England, Mr. Philip Conner, 
Mr. Thos. Ringgold, Mr. Thos. Bradnox, Mr. Henry Morgan, Mr. 
Nic. Browne, Mr. Thos. Hynson, Mr. Joseph Wickes, Mr. John 
Phillips, and Mr. John Russell, be Commissioners for the said Island, 
and that they, or any four of them, whereof Mr. Philip Conner, or Mr. 
Thos. Ringgold to be always one, shall have power to hear and deter- 
mine all differences, and to call courts for that purpose as often as they 
shall see cause, to make choice of a Sheriff, and a Clerk for keeping Rec- 
ords, and Execution of Writs, and all other process, and to act in all 
things for the peace, safety, and welfare of the said Island, and the inhab- 
itants thereof, as they or the former Commissioners did, or might do, by 
virtue of their commission from the Lord Baltimore, and the Governor 
& Council of this Province under him. 

Requiring all the inhabitants of the said Island to take notice of 
this Order, and to conform themselves accordingly, as they will answer 
the contrary at their peril. 

Given under our hands, at the Isle of Kent the 31st day of July, 1652. 

Ri: Bennett, 
Ead: Lloyd, 
Thos: Marsh, 
Leo: Strong. 

Copy of Commission recorded in Court Proceedings of Kent 
County, liber A, fol. 97. 

Whereas by exercise of the Chiefe Magistracy, and Administra- 
tion of the Goverment, over England, Scotland, Ireland, and Dominions 
thereunto belonginge, doth now reside in his Highness the Lord Protec- 
tor; assisted with a Council; In whose name all writs, process, Com- 
mitions, Graunts or orders are to runne; and from whom all Magis- 

56 



HYNSON 



TRACY, and powers, in the three Kingdoms, or Nation aforesaid, and the 
Dominions thereof, is to be derived; 

And this Province of Maryland, by lawfull power from the su- 
preme AuTHORiTiE of the Commonwealth of England, formerly and since 
from the Lord Protector, and Counsell, now beeinge Committed, to 
the Honorable Richard Bennett, Esq., and Colonell Wm. Claiborne, is 
subscribed to the present Government of England, and established 
therein, by a Commition Graunted in the name of his Highness the 
Lord Protector, unto Capt. Wm. Fuller, Mr. Ritch. Preston, Mr. Wm. 

Durand, Mr. Edwd. Loyd, Capt. Jno. Smith, Mr. Leo. Strong, Mr. 

Lawson, Mr. Jno. Hatch, Mr. Wm. Parker, Mr. Ritch. Wells, and Mr. 
Ritch. Ewen, for the orderinge, directinge and Governinge, all the Af- 
fayrs of Maryland: 

Therefore the sayd Capt. Wm. Fuller, and the rest of the Commi- 
tioners, present at a Court houlden at Providence, the 28th Day of 
februari 1654, Accordinge to order of this Court in Pursuance, of the 
Discharge of that trust, which is Committed to them, for the more eassie 
and speedy Administration of Justice, Conservation of the peace, pre- 
vention of insurrections and disturbances which may arise, and for the 
suppressinge of the same have in the name of the Lord Protector, 
and doe by these presents nominate, and appoint Mr. Phillip Connier 
Chiefe Commander, of the County of Kent, within the Province of 
Maryland, Givinge and Grauntinge, in the name of his Highness, the 
Lord Protector of England, etc., unto the sayd Phillip Conier, Power 
and Authoritie, in the sayd Countie, to Commaund all persons therein, 
in all things relatinge necessarily to the defence thereof, from the Insur- 
rections of Indians, and attempts of any persons whatsoever, unlaw- 
fully made, against the peace and libertie of the people, as also to Com- 
maund them, in that which concerns the due Administration of Jus- 
tice and Right, the Execution of Lawes, upon delinquents and the 
lawfull and necessary use of the Militia. 

Requiringe the people of the sayd Countie to bee subject to all his 
lawfull Commaunds, And also wee doe by these presents Nominate and 
appoint Mr. Joseph Wickes, Mr. Tho. Ringgold, Mr. Thomas Hynson, 
Mr. Jno. Russell, Mr. Henry Morgan, Mr. Wm. Eliot, and Mr. Henry 
Carline, to bee Commitioners for the sayd County of Kent Assistant to 
the sayd Mr. Philip Conier (who is hereby appointed President of 
the Commition) for the Conservation of the peace. Administration of 
Justice, and right Executinge of Judgment to all persons indiferently, 
in all Causes, of which they shall bee allowed Capable to have Cognizance, 
and for the present as they have formerly done, untill further order bee 
published. And that any foure of the sayd Commitioners whereof Mr. 
Philip Conier, or Mr. Joseph Wickes, or Mr. Tho. Ringgold, or Mr. Tho. 
Hinson, to bee all ways one, shall have power to Keepe Courts, at such 
times and in such places as to them shall seem Convenient and necessary, 
And that all writs, proces, warrants, supenas, etc., which concerne the 
County Court, shall bee signed by the sayd Mr. Philip Conier, but in his 

57 



HYNSON 

absence by Mr. Joseph Wickes, and upon e.xtraordinarie or sudden occa- 
tion, which endangers the Saftie of the County, preventinge or suppress- 
inge of any dangerous action, the nearest Commissioners shall have power 
to give out a warrant, directed to the Sheriffe or Constable and in case of 
Extremitie depute one to serve the same, And lastly the sayd Mr. Philip 
Conier, and the sayd Commissioners are Required to Cause the Clerk of 
theire Court to transcribe the Court prosedings and to deliver them to 
the Secretarie of the Province, every six Months, at the Generall 
Provinciall Court. 

Given at Providence under my hand this first day of March 1654. 

Will Fuller, 
William Durand. 

29. Colonel JOHN ^ HYNSON (v), of Kent Island, 
Maryland, son of Thomas^ Hynson and Grace Hynson, 
of Kent Island, Maryland; died 1705, and was buried at 
St. Paul's Church, May loth, 1705. 

JoHN^ Hynson, as a commissioner of Kent County under 
the government of the Calverts, sat as one of the judges 
over courts held for the said county on the following dates : 
September 28th, 1674, January 25th, 1675, December 7th, 
1675, March 25th, 1676, April 6th, 1676, April 20th, 1676, 
June 27th, 1676, October 30th, 1677, October 28th, 1685, 
and June 22nd, 1686. By virtue of a new commission, he 
took the oath of commissioner and justice of the peace, 
November 4th, 1685. He was a member of the House of 
Burgesses, 1694-95-96-97. He was appointed a commis- 
sioner and justice of the peace by Sir Francis Nicholson, 
Royal Governor, June i6th, 1697. On November i8th, 1697, 
he was chosen a vestryman of St. Paul's Parish, and on the 
records of that parish he is referred to as "Col." John 
Hynson. A John Hynson is described in the records of 
Shrewsbury Parish as Sheriff of Kent County in 1705. 

JoHN^ Hynson m. Anne , and had issue: 

JoHN^ (a pew-holder of St. Paul's, April i8th, 1720). 

Nathaniel', d. 1721 O. S.; m., ist, Hannah (buried at St. 

Paul's Nov. 26th, 1 7 13); their issue, Nathaniel-, b. Jan. 12th, 
1709, d. 1712; Mary; and Hannah; m. 2nd, August 6th, 1714, 
Mary Kelley; their issue, Nathaniel' (m., Oct. 29th, 1735, 

58 



HYNSON 



Mary Smith) ; Martha; and Rebecca. Nathaniel' Hynson repre- 
sented Kent County in the House of Burgesses in 1716, 1719, 
1720, and 1721. 

Sarah. 

Elizabeth, m. Rodgers. 

Jane, m. PhiHp Holeager; their issue, Nathaniel Holeager. 

Mary, m. Glanville. 

30. CHARLES' HYNSON (v), of Kent Island, Mary- 
land, son of Thomas^ Hynson and Grace Hynson, of 
Kent Island, Maryland. 

Charles' Hynson was appointed Clerk of the Kent 
County Court November 28th, 1693, and June i6th, 1697, 
he was appointed a commissioner and justice of the peace 
for Kent County by Sir Francis Nicholson, Royal Governor. 
He was elected a churchwarden of St. Paul's Parish, Novem- 
ber 1 8th, 1697, and a vestryman, April 6th, 1708. 

Charles' Hynson m., March 25th, 1687, Margaret 
Harris (who m., 2nd, James Murphy), dau. of William 
Harris, and had issue : 

Thomas*, d. 1738; m., October 19th, 1710, Wealthy Ann Tilden, 
dau. of Marmaduke Tilden and Rebecca Wilmer Tilden; their 
issue, Charles^, d. 1782 (m., November 30th, 1739, Phoebe Car- 
vill) ; Martha; Waltham; and Mary (m. Thomas Jones). 

Charles' (represented Kent County in the House of Burgesses 
1739-1740). 

William (represented Kent County in the House of Burgesses 1757- 
1758, 1762-1763. He inherited a property called Poplar Hill 
on Langford Bay from his grandfather William Harris. — Kent 
County Wills, E. C. i, fol. 154). 

MARGARET, b. September 7th, 1697, m. SAMUEL* GROOME 
(vid. Sec. 8). 

Also Dorcas, Judith, Jane, and Anne. 

Copy of Commission and Dedimus Potestatem recorded 
in the Proceedings of a Court held for Kent County, August 
24th, 1697. 

WilUam the Third, by the Grace of God, of England, Scotland, 
France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith &c. 

To Mr. WiUiam Frisby, Mr. John Hinson,-Mr. Hans Hanson, Mr. 
Thos. Smyth, Mr. James Smith, Mr. John Whittington, Mr. Charles 

59 



HYNSON 



Hynson, Mr. Thomas Ringgold, Mr. Phili]:) Hopkins, of Kent County, 
Gent. : 

Know ye for the great trust and confidence We have in your Fidel- 
itie, circumspection, prudence and Wisdom, have constituted, ordained 
and appointed and by these presents Doe constitnte and Ordaine and 
appoint you the said William Frisby, John Hynson, Hans Hanson, Thomas 
Smyth, James Smith, Charles Hynson, Thomas Ringgold and Philip 
Hopkins, Commissioners, joyntly and severally to keepe the Peace in 
Kent County and to keep and cause to be kept all Lawes and orders for 
the conservacion of the peace and for the quiet rule and Government of 
the people, in all and every Articles of the same and so Chastize and pun- 
ish all persons offending against the forme of any of the Lawes and Orders 
of this our Province, or any of them in Kent County aforesaid, according 
to the Lawes and Orders, shall be fit to be done. 

Wee have also constituted and appointed you and every four or 
more of you of which you the said William Frisby, John Hynson, Hans 
Hanson and Thomas Smyth or one of you are always to be one of the 
Commissioners to Enquire of the Oaths of good and Lawfull men of your 
County, aforesaid, of all manner of Felonies, Witchcrafts, Inchantments, 
Soceries, Magick art, Trespasses, Forestallings, Ingrossings, and Extor- 
tions whatsoever, and of all and singular other misdeeds and offences, 
whatsoever, of which Justices of the Peace, in England, may or ought 
Lawfully to Enquire, by whomsoever or wheresoever done or perpetrated, 
or which hereafter shall be done or perpetrated in the county aforesaid, 
against the Lawes and Orders of this Province, Provided you proceed 
not in any of the cases aforesaid to the life or Members, But that in every 
such case you send the Prisoners with their Indictments and the whole 
matter depending before you to the next Provincial Court to be holden 
for this our Province, whensoever and wheresoever to be holden, there 
to be Tryed. And further Wee doe hereby Authorize and Impower you 
to issue out Writts, Process, and Attachments, and to hold Plea of Oyer 
and Terminor, in all actions, real, personal and mixt, and after Judg- 
ment, Execution to award in all causes civil, according to the Lawes, 
orders and reasonable customes made and provided in this our Province 
of Maryland except in matters relating to Titles of Land. In which cause 
civil soe to be Tryed, Excepting as before Excepted, Wee do constitute 
and appoint You the several and respective persons aforesaid to be 
Judges as aforesaid: And therefore Wee doe Commend You, that you 
diligently Intend the keeping of the Lawes and Orders of all and singular 
otherthe premises, and at certain days appointed, according to Act of 
Assembly, in such case made and provided, and at such place as You 
or any Four or more of you as aforesaid, shall in that behalfe appoint, 
you make Inquiry upon the premises and perform and fulfill the same in 
forme aforesaid, doing therein what to Justice appertaineth according 
to the Lawes, Orders and reasonable Customes of this our Province, and 
therefore Wee Command the Sheriff of our County by virtue of these 
presents, that at the place and on the dayes, aforesaid, that you or any 

60 



HYNSON 



such four or more of you as aforesaid, shall make knowne to him that he 
give his attendance on you, and, if need require, he cause to come before 
you, or any such four or more of you, such and so many good and Law- 
full men of your County by whom the truth of the pfemises may the better 
be knowne and inquired. And chiefly you shall cause to be brought 
before you on the days and at the place aforesaid the writts, proofs, process, 
and Indictments to your Court and Jurisdiction belonging, that the same 
may be Inspected and by due Course determined. 

Witness our Trusty and Well beloved Francis Nicholson, Esq. our 
Capt. General and Governor in Chief in and over our Province and Ter- 
ritory of Maryland this sixteenth day of June in the ninth year of the 
Reigne, Annoq. Dom. 1697. 

(Seal) Fr. Nicholson. 

William the Third, by the grace of God of England, Scotland, France 
and Ireland, King Defender of the Faith, to Mr. John Hynson, and Mr. 
Hans Hanson and Thomas Smyth of Kent County, Gent. Greeting: 
Wee doe authorize you the said Hans Hanson and Thomas Smyth or 
either of you to Administer the Oathes appointed by Act of Parliament, 
instead of the Oathes of Allegiance and Supremacy, as alsoe the Oathes 
of Justice to the said John Hinson, And you the said John Hynson having 
taken the said Oathes, are to administer the same unto the said Hans 
Hanson and Thomas Smyth and the rest of the Justices and Commis- 
sioners of the said County, respectively as they are nominated in the 
within written Commission. And that you and every of you doe severally 
subscribe the text, and for soe Doeing this shall be your sufficient Author- 
ity hereof, fail not and when you have soe done you are to Certifie the 
same under your hands and seals, unto us in our High Court of Chan- 
cery, with all convenient speed. 

Witness our Trusty and Well beloved Francis Nicholson Esq. Captain 
General and Governor in Chief in and over our Province and Territory 
of Maryland this sixteenth day of June in the ninth yeare of our Reigne, 
Annoq. Dom. 1697. 

(Seal) Fr. Nicholson. 



DUNN 



DERIVATION OF FAMILY 

31. Members of this family were among the early- 
settlers of Kent Island, Maryland, Robert^ Dunn (vid. Sec. 
32) appearing as a land-owner in 1649 and being joined by his 
brother Pasco in 1652. Pasco Dunn left the island about 
1666, having disposed of his land, and settled in Elizabeth 
City County, James River, Virginia, where he reached some 
prominence, as upon the solitary old record book of that 
county now extant, he appears in 1688 and 1689 as one of 
his Majesty's justices, his colleagues being such men as 
Thomas Wythe, Captain Anth. Armistead, etc. 

GENEALOGY 

32. ROBERT' DUNN (iv), of Kent Island and Broad- 
nox, Kent County, Maryland; born 1630; died May 12th, 
1676. 

Robert^ Dunn settled on Kent Island, Maryland, about 
the year 1649, at which date his name appears on the rec- 
ords of Chestertown in a land transaction with one William 
Body. April 5th, 1652, Robert^ Dunn and sixty-five 
other freeholders of the Isle of Kent subscribed allegiance 
to the Commonwealth of England. Robert^ Dunn appears 
in 1663 as representing Kent County in the House of Bur- 
gesses. In 1668 he appears as Clerk of the County Court 
and April 16th, 1669, he was appointed commissioner of 

* I am indebted to Edwards S. Dunn, Esq., of Philadelphia, for the 
information on which my notes in regard to the early members of his 
family are based. — H. C. G. 

62 



DUNN 

Kent County and a member of the Quorum, which office he 
held until 1671. In 1669 he also appears as a Burgess for 
Kent County. In 1671 he was appointed keeper of the 
Standard of Weights and Measures for his county and in 
1673, High Sheriff of the county, both of which offices he 
held until the time of his death. About 1670-75 he removed 
from Kent Island to the head of Langford Bay, on the 
mainland, where he settled upon a tract of five hundred 
acres of land, known as Broadnox. 

Robert^ Dunn m., 1652 or 1653, Joan Porter, daughter 
of William Porter and Susannah Porter and widow of 
John Hood, and had issue : 

Susannah, b. prior to 1656. 
Jane, b. prior to 1656. 
Rebecca, b. prior to 1656. 
William\ d. 1656. 
Alice, d. 1678. 
ROBERT^ (vid. Sec. 33). 

33. ROBERT - DUNN (v), of Broadnox, Kent County, 
Maryland; son of Robert^ Dunn and Joan (Porter) Dunn; 
born about 1660; died 1729. 

Robert ^ Dunn was one of the founders of St. Paul's 
Parish in 1693, and served as a vestryman for eight years 
between 1703 and 1715. He (or his son Robert) w^as a 
member of the Maryland House of Burgesses in 1722. 

Robert- Dunn m. ist, prior to March 24th, 1696, 
Mary — (d. 1709), and had issue: 

ROBERT3 (vid. Sec. 34). 

James', baptized May 28th, 1699, d. prior to December 30th, 17 10. 

Jane, baptized March ist, 1701- 

William-, m. Martha Miller, daughter of Michael^ Miller. 

Mary. 

Robert- Dunn m. 2nd, prior to December 30th, 17 10, 
Mary, widow of John Pearke. 

63 



DUNN 

34. ROBERT' DUNN (vi), of Broadnox, Kent 
County, Maryland, son of Robert^ Dunn and Mary Dunn ; 
born about 1696-98; died 1745. 

Robert' Dunn resided on the estate originally acquired 
by his grandfather, but which during his father's lifetime 
and his own had been increased until it comprised about 
one thousand acres of land. He was a commissioner for 
Kent County, appearing as Judge of the County Court in 
1736 to 1738, and is designated as one of the Quorum in 
1737, 1740, and 1743. He (or his father) was elected a 
churchwarden of St. Paul's Parish in 1725 and a vestryman 
in 1728 and 1729. 

Robert^ Dunn m. Anne Miller, daughter of Michael^ 
Miller, and had issue : 

Rebecca, m. Joseph Wickes. 

James^, b. June loth, 1728, d. 1781; m. ist, 1750, Martha Anne 

Brown; m., 2nd, EHzabeth Hynson. 
Darius, b. June 4th, 1731. 
Hezekiah, b. May i6th, 1734. 
MARTHA, d. May 21st, 1771; m. CHARLES » GROOME (vid. 

Sec. 9). 



BLACK 



DERIVATION OF FAMILY 

35. This family was of Scotch-Irish descent and be- 
longed to the Presbyterian Church. JAMES' BLACK (vi) 
with his wife and children emigrated from Londonderry, 
Ireland, in 1740, and settled in Kent County, Maryland, 

GENEALOGY 

36. JAMES' BLACK (vii), of Black's Cross Roads, 
Kent County, Maryland, son of James ^ Black, of London- 
derry, Ireland; born 1732, in Ireland; died November 30th, 
1794, Newark, Delaware, and was buried at the Head of 
Christiana Church. 

James' Black's biography must be found in an obituary 
address by the Rev. John Creery: 

"Mr. James Black was a warm friend to his country, 
and early took an active part in defence of her rights and 
privileges; his usefulness, open and candid deportment, 
procured the love and esteem of a large circle of acquaint- 
ances. 

' ' He served his country with reputation for several years 
in places of public trust, and his fellow citizens have, on 
several occasions, fully manifested the confidence they 
reposed in him. In his extensive and various branches of 
business for many years, he was much esteemed for his 
probity and punctuality. By his industry he acquired a 
large fortune, and was able and ready to relieve the dis- 
tressed; his sincere friendship and piety endeared him 
to many, especially those who were intimately acquainted 

5 65 



BLACK 

with the doctrines of Christianity; a lover of the truth, 
and truly exemplary for sobriety, and a steady performance 
of the duties enjoined by our holy religion. 

"In his death, the public hath lost a faithful servant; 
the religious society to which he belonged, a worthy and 
useful member; and his family, a careful and indulgent 
head." 

James^ Black m. ist. May nth, 1762, Jennette 
Wallace (b. 1741, d. April 22nd, 1774), dau. of Andrew 
Wallace and Eleanor Wallace, and had issue: 

ELIZABETH JENNETTE (vid. Sec. 40). 
Ann, b. August 3rd, 1765, d. January, 1767. 
John', b. November 3rd, 1767, d. June 9th, 1775. 
George", b. May 31st, 1770, d. November 20th, 1771. 
Mary, b. April 17th, 1773, m James Scott. 

James^ Black m. 2nd, February 14th, 1775, Margaret 
Evans (b. 1744, d. September 13th, 1779), and had issue: 

Margaret, b. November 24th, 1775, d. September, 1776. 
Ann, b. November loth, 1777, d. July 20th, 1830, m. Captain William 
Hollingsworth. 

James^ Black m. 3rd, November 22nd, 1780, Mary 
Rice (b. 1756, d. September loth, 1833), dau. of Judge 
Evan Rice, and had issue: 

Jane, b. November 2nd, 1781, d. May 19th, 1786. 

Martha, b. August 9th, 1783, d. September 27th, 1783. 

James* Rice (vid. Sec. 41). 

Sarah, b. September 24th, 1787, d. December 3rd, 1861. 

Catherine Maria, b. October 5th, 1789, d. January 9th, 1865, m. 

John Donaldson. 
Jane, b. October 12th, 1791, d. December 17th, 1844. 
Margaret, b. October 17th, 1793, d. November, 1793. 



37. WILLIAM BLACK (vii), son of James' Black, of 
Londonderry, Ireland, is known to have married and to 
have had children. He, or his descendants, subsequently 
settled in the Carolinas. 

66 



BLACK 

38. MARTHA BLACK (vii), dau. of James' Black, 
of Londonderry, Ireland, married Andrew' Kerr, and had 
issue : 

Mary Kerr, m. Sharpe, of Kentucky. 

Samuel Kerr, m. the dau. of James Corre, of Kent County, Md. 
Elizabeth Kerr, m. Henry Pearce; their issue, Sarah Ann Pearce. 
Patty Kerr, m. Benjamin Merritt; their issue, William K. Merritt; 

George A. Merritt; and Adeline K. Merritt. 
James Kerr. 
Andrew^ Kerr, m. Hannah Gillespie; their issue, Mary (m. Francis 

G. Parke, of Cecil Co., Md.; issue, Andrew Kerr Parke); George 

G. ; and James Black. 
Charlotte Kerr, m. Joseph Hossinger. 

39. GEORGE' BLACK (vii), of Fairfields, Kent County, 
Maryland, son of James' Black, of Londonderry, Ireland; 
died January, 1797. 

George' Black m., 1770, Margaret Wallace, dau. of 
Andrew Wallace and Eleanor Wallace, and had issue: 

James^, b. January 4th, 1772, d. October 27th, 1804; m., December 
12th, 1798, Margaret Wilson, dau. of John Wilson and Mary 
Perkins Wilson; their issue, Susan Wilson (m. Col. Alexander 
Baird Hanson); and John-' Gustavus (m., June 4th. 1833, ^^~ 
phonsa Cummins). 

Ann, m. James Salsbury. 

George-'. 

John'-', m. Mary Perkins, dau. of Col. Isaac Perkins; their issue, 
Eliza; Jane; and Caroline Ann. 

Elizabeth, m. Giles. 

Andrew. 

Thomas. 

40. ELIZABETH JENNETTE BLACK (viii), dau. 
of James^ Black and Jennette (Wallace) Black; born 
January 24th, 1763; died May 7th, 1817. 

Elizabeth Jennette Black m. ist, January 23rd, 
1787, her cousin Dr. George Wallace (b. 1753, d. June 
17th, 1796, Elkton, Maryland), and had issue: 

James^ Black Wallace, b. June loth, 1788, d. September 3rd, 1825, 
Natchez. 

67 



BLACK 

Mary Wallace, b. September 17th, 1789, d. July 9th, 1867; m., 
September 24th, 181 2, Gov. Thomas Ward Veazey; their issue, 
James Wallace Veazey, Joseph Wallace Veazey, Ellen Matilda 
Veazey, Elizabeth Black Veazey (m. Benjamin' B. Craycroft; 
issue, Benjamin"'* B. Craycroft and Thomas Veazey Craycroft), 
and Mary Emma Veazey (m. Dr. Samuel E. Mills). 
Joseph' Wallace, b. February 5th, 1791, d. Sept. 12th, 1872; m., 
June 17th, 1825, Elizabeth Ward; their issue, George F., d. 
November, 1884; James", d. in infancy; Joseph^ Veazey, b. April 
12th, 1830, d. November i6th, 1905 (m., April 25th, 1867, Cor- 
nelia C. Price; issue, Mary Elizabeth and Veazey Ward); Mary 
Caroline, d. 1877 (m. Edward Ward); John Charles Groome; 
and Laura Virginia, b. February 29th, 1836, d. May 19th, 1898. 

Elizabeth Jennette Black m., 2nd, Dr. JOHN^ 
GROOME (vid. Sec. 12). 

41. Judge JAMES' RICE BLACK (viii), of New 
Castle, Delaware, son of James"^ Black and Mary (Rice) 
Black; born May 14th, 1785; died September 3rd, 1839. 

James* Rice Black m., February 15th, 1806, Maria E. 
Stokes, of Philadelphia, and had issue : 

Mary, b. December 27th, 1810, d. October 17th, 1874; m., July 
24th, 1832, Dr. James Couper, of New Castle, Delaware. 

Elizabeth Riddle, b. February 15th, 1816, d. September loth, 
1902; m., December 6th, 1836, Col. John^ Charles Groome, of 
Elkton, Maryland (vid. Sec. 18). 

Sarah, b. November 21st, 1819, d. December 6th, 1893; ^^■< May 
12th, 1841, Commander William^ S. Young, U. S. N.; their 
issue, James Black Young, b. Jan. 29th, 1842, d. August 28th, 
1892 (m., Nov. 2nd, 1865, Elizabeth T. Welsh); Betty Conrad 
Young, b. Aug. 29th, 1843, d. March i8th, 1865 (m., July 15th, 
1863, Samuel Welsh); Robert Young, b. Feb. 4th, 1846, d. 
August 29th, 1878; William- S. Young, b. Dec. r7th, 1848, 
d. June loth, 1906; Katharine Maria Donaldson Young, b. 
March 27th, 1856, d. July 20th, 1884 (m., Oct. 23rd, 1883, 
Frank A. Sartori) ; and Philip R. Fendall Young, b. September 
8th, 1858 (m., December 4th, 1895, Alice Leigh Edmondson 
[widow of James* Black Groome]) . 



ALLEN 



GENEALOGY 

42. The first member of this family of whom anything 
is known was a native of New England and married Eliza- 
beth Sheward, an Englishwoman and a Quaker preacher. 
She belonged to the Pine Street Meeting (Second and Pine 
Streets, Philadelphia) and continued to preach there after 
her marriage to Allen. She married, 2nd, Clement Hum- 
phreys. By her Allen had issue: 

JOSHUA (vid. Sec. 43) I twins. 
William, b. 1775 -• 

Constance, m. William^ Marr, of England; their issue, William^ 

Allen Marr (d. without issue) and Elizabeth Constance Marr 

(m. Dr. James Broome; issue, William Allen Broome, Mary 

Broome, and Elizabeth Broome). 

43. JOSHUA ALLEN (viii), of Philadelphia, son of 
Allen, of Philadelphia, and Elizabeth (Sheward) 



Allen, of England; born, 1775; died, 1838, in Elkton, 
Maryland. 

Joshua Allen was an importer of silks in Philadelphia 
and later became a school-teacher at Elkton, Maryland. 

Joshua Allen m., 1800, Anna Moore,* dau. of Abel 
MooRE and Elizabeth (Engle) Moore, of Trenton, New 

*BENJAlVIINi MOORE (iv), of Burlington, New Jersey, m., Septem- 
ber 6th, 1693, Sarah Stokes (M. Minutes, Burlington Meeting); their 
issue, John\ Benjamin-, Thomas, and Joseph^. 

JOSEPH' MOORE (v), son of Benjamin' Moore and Sarah 
(Stokes) Moore, m. Patience Woolman; their issue, Elizabeth, Mary, 
Patience, Uriah, John-, JosEPH■^ Abner, Jonas, and Cyrus'. 

CYRUS' MOORE (vi), son of Joseph' Moore and Patience (Wool- 
man) ]Moore, m. Mary Austin; their issue, Abel. 

69 



ALLEN 

Jersey (who obtained a divorce from him in 1820), and 
had issue: 

Grenville', b. 1802, d. 1806 (drowned). 

Maria, b. August 27th, 1804, d. January 8th, 1845; "i-. 1840, Judge 
Emanuel Reichert, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 

ELIZABETH SHEWARD, b. June 15th, 1806, Baltimore, Mary- 
land; d. February nth, 1886, Philadelphia; m. DR. SAMUEL' 
WILLIAM GROOME (vid. Sec. 19). 

Sarah, b. April 27th, 1808, d. May 17th, 1875; "">■' June 6th, 1833, 
James Hogan; their issue, Cecelia Hogan, b. December 28th, 
1835; Maria Allen Hogan, b. April 12th, 1840, d. October, 1905; 
and Charles Meigs Hogan, b. October 13th, 1842. 

Grenville- Moore, b. October, 1810; d. April 7th, 1840, Natchez, 
Miss, (killed in a cyclone), cotton commission inerchant and 
member of Natchez Guards. 

Cornelia Adeline, b. August 27th, 1812, d. August 19th, 1895; m., 
October 8th, 1835, Henry' Perkins, of Salem, Massachusetts; 
their issue, Henry- Allen Perkins, b. July 31st, 1836 (m., April 
30th, 1864, Mary F. Wood, of Bordentown, N. J.; divorced 
May ist, 1886; no issue); Edward Lang Perkins, b. May 28th, 
1843 (m., January 24th, 1882, Caroline A. Heberton [d. March 
23rd, 1905]; issue, Cornelia Allen, b. July 17th, 1884, d. August 
3rd, 1885); and Francis Moore Perkins, b. June 6th, 1851 
(m., June 19th, 1889, Franc A. Walker [d. May 3rd, 1895]; 
no issue). 

ABEL MOORE (vii), of Trenton, New Jersey, son of Cyrus' Moore 
and Mary (Austin) Moore, m. Elizabeth Engle; their issue, Grenville, 
CYRus^ Aaron, Patience (b. 1768), ANNA (b. December 27th, 1780, 
at Trenton, New Jersey; d. November 12th, 1869, at Philadelphia; m. 
JOSHUA ALLEN), Elizabeth, John'', and George. 

Anna Moore was one of the little girls chosen by the ladies of Trenton 
to scatter flowers before Washington on his passing the bridge at that 
place April, 1789, on his way to New York to be inaugurated first Presi- 
dent of the United States. Her sister Patience also took part in this 
reception. 



CONNELLY 



DERIVATION OF FAMILY 

44. The parentage of the brothers John' Connelly, 
Henry' Connelly, and George^ Connelly has not been 
ascertained. It is probable, however, that their ancestors 
emigrated from Ireland and settled in some locality other 
than Philadelphia, to which place this branch subsequently 
removed. 

GENEALOGY 

45. Colonel JOHN ^ CONNELLY (viii), of Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania; born December 25th, 1752, died 
February 3rd, 1827, and was buried at Old Presbyterian 
Church, corner of Fourth and Pine Streets, Philadelphia. 

John^ Connelly was commissioned ensign in a company 
of artillery raised by Benjamin George Eyre at the begin- 
ning of the Revolutionary War. This company was one 
of the three raised by the three brothers, Jehu, Manuel, 
and Benjamin George Eyre, and known as the "Associated 
Companies of Philadelphia." At the battle of Trenton 
the Associated Companies were formed into a regiment 
under command of Colonel Jehu Eyre. (Penna. Archives.) 
John' Connelly was commissioned captain of the Eighth 
Company of this regiment, April 15th, 1780. He served with 
distinction during the war and retained his connection with 
this company until July 8th, 1795, when he was commis- 
sioned major of the Artiller}^ Battalion of Pennsylvania. 
August 2nd, 1800, he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel 
and subsequently colonel of artillery, which commission 
he held until 1808. 

71 



CONNELLY 



An active philanthropist, he rendered valuable service 
in the relief and aid of his fellow-citizens during the yellow- 
fever epidemic in 1793, for which he received the thanks 
of the citizens of Philadelphia assembled in public meeting 
on March 22nd, 1794. 

In 1794 he was appointed a prison inspector under the 
provisions of the Act of 1790 and served as such until 1799. 
The criminals of that day, by reason of the system in vogue, 
were made objects of infamy by being exposed constantly 
to public view, and they were sunk into greater depths by 
being allowed to indulge in drunkenness and vice within 
the prison walls if they had the money to purchase those 
indulgences. Colonel Connelly threw himself with all his 
energy and philanthropy into prison reform, and with 
great success. Dr. James Mease, writing in 181 1 of Mr. 
Connelly, says of him, "To Mr. John Connelly and Mr. 
C. Lownes may be justly ascribed the merit of bringing to 
the test of the fullest and most successful experience the 
humane principles of the new penal code. Those gentle- 
men were appointed inspectors of the prison at an early 
period, and upon them devolved the arduous task of break- 
ing down all difficulties arising from the long continuance of 
that most disgusting, that foul system of discipline which 
had long disgraced the management of the jails." 

Colonel JoHN^ Connelly was a Democrat in politics, 
and as such he was elected to the State Senate, October, 

1809, from the City and County of Philadelphia and the 
County of Delaware, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of Senator Dorsey, and served during the ses- 
sion commencing December 5th, 1809, ending March 20th, 

1 8 10. During his service, Governor Simon Snyder having 
sent to the Legislature a message recommending the aboli- 
tion of capital punishment, he made a motion in the Senate 
looking to that end, and supported it by a masterly and 
powerful argument. In the final vote on locating the capital 
at Harrisburg, he voted in the affirmative. Among other 

72 



CONNELLY 



legislation he obtained was the extension of the charter 
of the "Rector, Church Wardens, and Vestrybien of the 
United Episcopal Churches of Christ Church and St. Peter's 
Church in the City of Philadelphia," granted June 24th, 
1765, so as to include St. James's Church, then recently 
built. In 181 1 he declined a renomination to the Senate, but 
in 181 2 he was elected and served as a member of the House 
of Representatives of the Commonwealth. In 18 13 he was 
a member of the Philadelphia Committee of Public Defence 
in the war against Great Britain, and in 18 14 a member of 
the War Committee of Correspondence. 

In perfect accord with his humane character, he became, 
in November, i8"i8, a member of the Committee of Cor- 
respondence to aid in preventing the extension of slavery 
into new States. In 1824 he was a candidate for Presidential 
Elector in the interest of William H. Crawford. Governor 
Simon Snyder appointed and commissioned him auctioneer 
for Philadelphia, a position he held for many years. 

As the first named of the incorporators of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad Company, he was designated to act as 
president of the new company, and empowered to act as 
such until December 9th, 1823, when an election was to 
be held, at which the officers of the company were to be 
chosen. " Mr. Connelly thus became the first president in 
Pennsylvania of a railroad company, and that company 
bearing the same name as the great Pennsylvania corpora- 
tion of to-day, its projected line being intended to cover 
the same ground as that which is now partly occupied by 
the Philadelphia Division." (History of the Penna. R. R. 
Co., W. B. Wilson.) 

Colonel JoHN^ Connelly was one of the trustees named 
in the Charter of the First Presbyterian Church, Phila- 
delphia, granted September 21st, 1796, and was annually 
re-elected until 1802, when he was elected elder, which 
position he held until the time of his death. (Records 
First Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia.) 

■ 73 



CONNELLY 



He was elected a member of the Hibernian Society in 
1790. (History of the Penna. R. R. Co., W. B. Wilson.) 

John' Connelly m. ist, at Burlington, N. J., March 
30th, 1780, Anne Little (b. April nth, 1748, d. October 
29th, 181 1), and had issue: 

James, b. January 15th, 17S1, d. January i8th, 1782. 

John', b. March 22nd, 1782, d. March, 1784. 

George-, b. September 13th, 1783, d. September, 1793. 

Mary, b. April 17th, 1785, d. April, 1798. 

John-' M., b. January 17th, 1787, d. March 29th, 1855. 

Ann Louisa (vid. Sec. 48). 

Thomas, b. August loth, 1792, d. October 25th, 1822. 

John' Connelly m. 2nd, November loth, 1815, Ellen 
Vandoren. No issue. 

46. HENRY' CONNELLY (viii), of Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, died February 3rd, 1822. 

Henry' Cqnnelly was engaged in mercantile business 
in Philadelphia, and was elected a trustee of the First 
Presbyterian Church of that city in 18 10 and was re-elected 
annually for several years. Some years before his death he 
removed to New Hope, Delaware, where he operated a 
cotton mill of which he was the proprietor. 

Henry' Connelly m., December 13th, 1800, Elizabeth 
Pierce, and had issue: 

Pierce' (vid. Sec. 49). 

HARRY 2 (vid. Sec. 50). 

Eleanor, b. July 12th, 1808 (d. in infancy). 

John*, b. December 27th, 1809, d. 1888; m., ist, Angelica West; 
their issue, Elizabeth, Mary Cornelia, and Madeline; m., 2nd, 
Felicity Grandpr^; their issue, Georgine, b. March 20th, 1862 
(m., January i8th, 1886, Eugene A. Marcia). 

George', b. November 12th, 1813, d. 1865. George'' Connelly 
entered the University of Pennsylvania in 1828, was graduated 
from that institution in 1831, and subsequently received the 
degree of A.M. He was one of the founders of the Zelosophic 
Literary Society and on graduating divided first honor with 
Dr. John W. Faires, George'' Connelly delivering the Latin 
salutatory address and John W. Faires delivering the Greek 
salutatory address. George'' Connelly resided in New Orleans, 

74 



CONNELLY 



where he was a prominent cotton factor and an adherent of 

the Confederacy. He died unmarried. 
Margaret, b. May 24th, 1821, d. June 25th, 1821 ) . 
Eleanor, b. May 24th, 1821, d. May 24th, 1822 j 

47. GEORGE^ CONNELLY (viii), of Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, died, 1793, of yellow fever. 

George^ Connelly married (his wife dying, 1795, of 
yellow fever) and had issue: 

-Mary Penn, b. June 5th, 1792, died March 26th, 1884, unmarried. 
After the death of her parents, Mary Penn Connelly was taken 
charge of by her grandmother and afterwards adopted by her 
uncle Colonel John^ Connelly. In 1813 she went to Bethle- 
hem, where she passed the rest of her life. She was confirmed, 
and became a member of the Moravian Congregation, March 
31st, 1822. She was well known and highly respected in Bethle- 
hem. (Records of Moravian Church, Bethlehem, Pa.) 
(Supposed to have had another daughter or a son.) 

48. ANN LOUISA CONNELLY (ix), daughter of John' 
Connelly and Anne (Little) Connelly, of Philadelphia; 
born November 14th, 1788; died April 19th, 1832. 

Ann Louisa Connelly m., July loth, 1806, Manuel^ 
Eyre (b. Feb. ist, 1777, d. Feb. 9th, 1845), of Philadelphia, 
son of Manuel' Eyre and Mary (Wright) Eyre, of Phila- 
delphia, and had issue: 

Juliet Phillips Eyre, b. April 29th, 1807, d. July, 1825. 

Mary Eyre (vid. Sec. 51). 

Manuel^ Eyre, b. May 29th, 1810, d. July i6th, 1810. 

John Connelly Eyre, b. September 27th, 1811, d. October 3rd, 
1849, unmarried. 

Ann Louisa Eyre, b. Sept. 24th, 1S13, d. Jan. 21st, 1844, unmarried. 

Harriet Eyre (vid. Sec. 52). 

Ellen Eyre, b. Dec. 25th, 1817, d. July 7th, 1889; m., Jan. 2nd, 
1838, Dr. Charles^ Bell Gibson, of Philadelphia; their issue, 
Sarah Gibson, b. May 25th, 1839, d. Aug. ist, 1839; Charlotte 
Gibson, b. May 20th, 1840, d. Nov. i8th, 1840; William 
Gibson, b. Aug. 23rd, 1841, d. Feb. 2sth, 1877; Mary Elizabeth 
Gibson, b. March 5th, 1843 C"^-' ^^^- 2nd, 1865, Dr. Edwin S. 
Gaillard; issue, Ellen Eyre Gaillard, Edwin White Gaillard, 
G. W. Smith Gaillard, Charles Bell Gibson Gaillard, William Eyre 
Gibson Gaillard, Marion HoUingsworth Sims Gaillard, and Frank 

75 



CONNELLY 



Paschal Gaillard); James Cheston Gibson, b. Aug. 8th, 1845, 
d. July loth, 1847; Charles- Bell Gibson, b. Sept. 6th, 1847, d. 
August 7th, 1848; Beverly Tucker Gibson, b. Aug. 20th, 1849, 
d. 1876; Ann Louisa Gibson, b. August 31st, 1851; Charles' 
Bell Gibson, b. June 19th, 1853, d. May 20th, 1876; Ellen Eyre 
Gibson, b. Jan. 26th, 1855, d. May 28th, 1855; and Manuel 
Eyre Gibson, b. November 3rd, 1857, d. Aug. 22nd, 1877. 

Manuel* Eyre, b. December i8th, 1819, d. August 29th, 1879; ^n-. 
October 8th, 1840, Eliza Painter; their issue, ManueP, b. Feb. 
5th, 1842 (m., Jan. 15th, 1866, Letitia Dale; issue, Manuel*, 
Manuel', Geluch, Ellen Dale, Mary, and Gerard Dale) ; Mary, 
b. Dec. 8th, 1843, d. Jan. 25th, 1870, unmarried; Ellen, b. 
Dec. 19th, 1845, d. Sept. 28th, 1887 (m., Feb., 1874, Charles 
Coye); and Frances Augustine, b. Aug. 2nd, 1848 (m., June 
14th, 1871, Joseph Morgan; issue, John Eyre Morgan, Robert 
Churchman Morgan, Charles Coye Morgan, Ellen Eyre Morgan, 
Frances Augustine Morgan, and Websler Lowman Morgan). 

Mahlon Dickerson Eyre, b. April 13th, 1821, d. August 28th, 
1882; m., June 15th, 1859, Isabella Olivia Carrell Smyth; their 
issue, Virginia, b. Apr. 4th, i86o (m., Aug. 15th, 1891, Lawrence 
O'Callaghan) ; Katherine, b. April loth, 1861 (m., 1886, Edgar 
Vickers); Charles Connelly, b. March 14th, 1862 (m., 1890, 
Eva Blackburn); Isabella Olivia, b. March i6th, 1863 (m., 

July ist, 1891, Blackburn); and Arthur Hale, b. Jan. 

loth, 1869. 

Wilson^ Eyre, b. April 15th, 1823, d. September 4th, 1901; m., 
August 30th, 1856, Louisa Lincoln Lear; their issue, Lincoln\ 
b. July 24th, 1857 (m., June 20th, 1888, Marianna Haywood 
Binney; issue, Lincoln- Lear and Virginia); Wilson-, b. Oct. 
30th, 1858; Manning Kennard, b. March 31st, 1861 (m., Aug. 
14th, 1886, Clara Klink; issue, Wilson'' Lear) ; Richard Derby, 
b. Feb. 26th, 1869 (m., June 21st, 1893, Elizabeth Kriegar; 
issue, Elizabeth); and Louisa, b. Jan. 16th, 1872. 

Virginia Eyre, b. June 1st, 1825; m., July 13th, 1854, Manning 
Kennard. 

Richard Alsop Eyre, b. January 29th, 1828, d. March 15th, 1831. 



49. Rev. PIERCE^ CONNELLY (ix), of Florence, 
Italy, son of Henry^ Connelly and Elizabeth (Pierce) 
CoNNELLY,of Philadelphia; born August 9th, 1804, died 1885. 

Pierce' Connelly entered the University of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1818 and was graduated from that institution 
in 182 1, subsequently receiving the degree of A.M. He 
afterwards studied law and was admitted to the bar but 

76 



CONNELLY 



deciding later to enter the ministry, he took orders in the 
Protestant Episcopal Church and became the rector of a 
church at Natchez, La. This charge he resigned in 1835 
and assumed ecclesiastical dress in the Church of Rome in 
1843, in the Collegio dei Nobile at Rome, taking orders in 
1845. He was chaplain to the Earl of Shrewsbury at Alton 
Towers about 1848, and afterwards to Mr. Henry and Lady 
Harriet Drummond at Albury Park. He resumed orders in 
the Protestant Episcopal Church of America, and founded 
the American Church in Florence, Italy, in 1867, of which 
church he was rector until the time of his death. He wrote 
the rules which were adopted as the constitution of the Con- 
vent of the Holy Child Jesus, at St. Leonard's by the Sea, 
England, in 1848, and a pamphlet entitled "Cases of Con- 
science" while at Albury Park. In 1852 he wrote "Reasons 
for Abjuring Allegiance to the Church of Rome. " His wife 
founded the order of the Holy Child Jesus and subsequently 
became mother general of this order. After her death, 
w^hich occurred about 1880, she was presented for beati- 
fication, and it is expected that the various stages will be 
completed and the decree published in a little over fifty 
years from the date of her death. 

Pierce^ Connelly m., about 1830, Cornelia A. Pea- 
cock, and had issue: 

Mercer, b. 1832, d. 1852. 

Adeline, b. 1836, d. 1900. 

Pierce- Francis, b. 1841, at Opelousas, La., was educated at 
Marlborough College, England, where his talent for drawing 
became conspicuous. He studied painting at Brussels with 
Eckhart, and drew under Miicke at Dusseldorf. He was a medal- 
ist in the Ecole des Beaux Arts, where he continued his studies 
under Ingres. Upon the advice of Hiram Powers, he became a 
sculptor and established a studio in Florence, Italy, and this 
city became his permanent place of residence. Some of his more 
important works are "Death and Honor," a bronze exhibited 
at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, "Ophelia," 
and "Thetis and the Infant Achilles." Unmarried. 

Magdalene, d. in infancy. 

' ■ ^' (Letters of Pierce- Francis Connelly.) 

77 



CONNELLY 



50. HARRY- CONNELLY (ix), of Philadelphia, son 
of Henry' Connelly and Elizabeth (Pierce) Connelly, 
of Philadelphia; born June 30th, 1806; died February 9th, 
1863, and was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia. 

Harry- Connelly, after his education had been com- 
pleted, removed from Philadelphia to Roseville, near New- 
ark, Delaware, where he subsequently became the proprietor 
of extensive cotton mills. The operation of these mills 
necessitated visits to the Southern States during which he 
laid the foundation of friendships with many prominent 
Southern men ; for the remainder of his life these associations 
produced in him a strong affiliation with the South. On his 
return to Philadelphia, about 1840, he engaged in business 
as an importer and dealer in wines, and his establishment at 
Seventh and Chestnut Streets eventually became famous as 
a rendezvous of the pubHc men of the day. He numbered 
among his friends Henry Clay and many of the leading men 
of Kentucky. He was a close personal friend of James 
A. Bayard, of Delaware, and John W. Forney, in his 
"Anecdotes of Public Men," speaking of Harry '^ Connelly 
and his place of business, says, "I have met in this dark 
back room, with its low cobwebbed ceiling, most of the 
public characters between 1845 and i860." In company 
with Senator Bayard, Mr. Connelly was the guest of Jeffer- 
son Davis at Montgomery, Alabama, when Mr. Davis 
received the news that Fort Sumter had been fired upon 
April 12th, 1 86 1, by the Confederate battery at Fort John- 
son. After the outbreak of the Civil War, although he con- 
tinued to reside in Philadelphia, Harry" Connelly was 
outspoken in his advocacy of the cause of the Southern 
States, and until the time of his death his name was promi- 
nent on a list of persons in Philadelphia who were suspected 
of communication with the Confederate Government, and 
at one time he w^as in constant expectation of arrest. He 
had determined to resist arrest, and stated publicly that he 
would not be taken alive. The circumstances of his death 

78 



CONNELLY 



were never known. His body was found in the Delaware 
River at Philadelphia, and, although the finding of the 
coroner's jury was that death had been caused by acci- 
dental drowning, many of his friends believed that he had 
been killed by a political adversary. 

Harry^ Connelly m., July 24th, 1828, Eliza Andrews, 
dau. of Robert^ Andrews, of Andrewsia, near Wilmington, 
Delaware, and Anne (Mason) Andrews, of Bordeaux, 
France, and had issue: 

Manuel Eyre, b. 1829, d. July 26th, 1830. 

Elizabeth, b. 1833, d. April 12th, 1837. 

NANCY ANDREWS, b. August i6th, 1838, at Roseville, Delaware; 

m. SAMUEL' WILLIAM GROOME (vid. Sec. 22). 
Harry* (vid. Sec. 53). 



51. MARY EYRE (x), daughter of Manuel' Eyre 
and Ann Louisa (Connelly) Eyre, of Philadelphia; born 
November 6th, 1808; died July 17th, 1873. 

Mary Eyre m., February 5th, 1829, Dr. Robert ' Egles- 
FELD Griffith (d. June 26th, 1850), of Philadelphia, and 
had issue: 

Robert- Eglesfeld Griffith, b. Dec. 23rd, 1829, d. February 
28th, 1866, unmarried. 

Ann Louisa Griffith, b. June 15th, 1833, d. Sept. nth, 1882, 
unmarried. 

Manuel Eyre Griffith, b. Jan. i8th, 1837; m., Sept. 15th, 1864, 
Mary Ellen Robinson; their issue, Mary Eyre, b. June 19th, 
1865 (m., November loth, 1898, Geo. Cuthbert Carter; issue, 
Robert Carter); Anne Louisa, b. April 30th, 1867; Robert' 
Eglesfeld, b. November 25th, 1868 (m., April 17th, 1895, Eliza- 
beth Wilmer Fuller; issue, EHzabeth Wilmer) ; and Ellen 
Robinson, b. January 21st, 1878 (m., June 6th, 1900, Roland 
Roberts Foulke). 

52. HARRIET EYRE (x), daughter of Manuel' Eyre 
and Ann Louisa (Connelly) Eyre, of Philadelphia; born 
February 13th, 181 6; died April 3rd, 1890. 

79 



CONNELLY 



Harriet Eyre m., March 12th, 1835, John^ Ashhurst 
(d. Feb. i8th, 1892), of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

Richard' Lewis Ashhurst, b. Feb. 5th, 1838; m., May 30th, 1861, 
Sarah Frazer; their issue, Harriet, b. June 15th, 1862; Richard^ 
Lewis, b. Dec. 20th, 1865, d. March 31st, 1870; Frazer, b. July 
30th, 1867; Mabel, b. Dec. 20th, 1869 (m., Nov. 12th, 1902, 
Frederick Jesup Stimson) ; and Roger, b. June 21st, 1876, d. 
1904. 

John' Ashhurst, b. August 23rd, 1839; d. July 7th, 1900; m., Dec. 
8th, 1864, Sarah Stokes Wayne; their issue, John-', b. Dec. 31st, 
1865; William Wayne, b. May 22nd, 1867 (m. Ellen Eyre 
Gaillard); Mary Jane, b. Jan. 13th, 1869 (m., Oct. 15th, 1891, 
Edward Fayssoux Leiper); Anna Wayne, b. Oct. 13th, 1870 
(m. Rev. EHston Perot); Sarah Wayne, b. Nov. 29th, 1874; 
Astley Paston Cooper, b. 1876; and Emma Matilda, b. October 
17th, 1882. 

Manuel Eyre Ashhurst, b. Oct. 30th, 1841, d. May 7th, 1845. 

Elizabeth Ashhurst, b. March 5th, 1845, d. March i8th, 1845. 



53. HARRY'* CONNELLY (x), of Philadelphia, son 
of Harry^ Connelly and Eliza (Andrews) Connelly, of 
Philadelphia; born February 7th, 1841, at Philadelphia. 

Harry^ Connelly was educated at private schools in 
Philadelphia, and entered the University of Pennsylvania 

1856. He was expelled from that institution in December, 

1857. From 1858 to 1862 he was in the law office of Ben- 
jamin Harris Brewster. In 1862 he entered the banking 
house of P. F. Kelly and Co., and in 1864 he was ad- 
mitted to membership in the Philadelphia Stock Exchange. 
He continued in active business as a stock broker until 
1890, when loss of hearing compelled his retirement. He 
was president of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange 1884 
to 1885. He was a contributing member of the Volunteer 
Fire Department of Philadelphia from i860 until the date 
of the organization of a paid Fire Department by the city 
(about 1872). He was a member of the University Barge 
Club, the Philadelphia Club, the Pennsylvania Club, the 
Reform Club, the Zelosophic Society, the Zeta Psi Frater- 

80 



CONNELLY 



nity, and the Southern Club of Philadelphia. He was for 
many years a vestryman of St. Clement's Parish, Phila- 
delphia. 

Harry' Connelly m. ist, November 12th, 1868, Anna 
A. Ward (died October 26th, 1870), dau. of Gen. Aaron 
Ward and Mary (Watson) Ward, of Westchester County, 
New York. No issue. 

Harry^ Connelly m. 2nd, April nth, 1874, Sarah 
Waln Vaux, dau. of Richard Vaux and Mary (Waln) 
Vaux, of Philadelphia, and had issue : 

Gladys, b. August 29th, 1877. 
AvERYL, b. February 12th, 1885. 



ANDREWS 



DERIVATION OF FAMILY 

54. The ancestors of the Andrews family of the man- 
orial estates of Alexton, in the County of Leicester, and of 
Pisbroke, in the County of Rutland, England, originally 
came from France during the Norman dynasty. Certain 
members of this family took an active part in the First 
Crusade in Palestine in 1097 under Duke Robert of Nor- 
mandy, and in a later Crusade at the battle of Salado in 
Valencia the family was again represented in the following 
of Sir James Douglass, who had borne from Scotland the 
heart of King Robert in a silver casket. During the battle 
Douglass found himself and his immediate following sepa- 
rated from the main army and hard pressed by the Moors. 
Taking the casket from his breast he cast it before him 
into the thickest of the fight, and, crying, "Now, thou, 
pass thou onward as thou wert ever wont to do, and 
Douglass will follow thee or die," he and his little band 
pressed fiercely in, and, although Douglass himself was killed, 
the casket was regained and carried back to Scotland. 
The survivors of this feat of arms were afterwards accorded 
the right to bear on their crests a lion holding a heart in 
his paw. 

"By the grant of arms to Anthony Andrews, recorded 
in the Heralds' College of Arms, London, Oct. 28th, 1583, 
the history and rank of the family is described heraldically, 
by the emblazonry and insignia on their arms. The charges 
on the shield, 'Azure, a cross ermine, between four fieurs 
de lis gold,' indicate the origin of the family in France and 
their having taken part in the early Crusade. The crest, 

82 



ANDREWS 



' On a torse silver and azure a demi-lion, the tails forked 
gold, a crown argent, and holding in his dexter paw a 
heart gules,' represents an acknowledgment for distin- 
guished military services during the Crusades. The Helmet 
and Mantling, 'Mantled gules double argent, helmet in 
profile argent five bars gold,' as shown in the emblazoned 
arms, in the College of Arms, London, indicates that the 
family was an eminent and distinguished one in England. 
These arms are supposed to have been borne by this family 
before the College of Arms was established in 1483. They 
were reissued and placed on record there, in accordance 
with the rules, orders, and regulations of Heraldry estab- 
lished during the reign of Queen Elizabeth." (Preface to 
Genealogy of the Andrews Family and Alliances, by 
Robert* Andrews.) 

GRANT OF ARMS 

55. To All and Singvler, as well Nobles and Gentiles as others 
to whom these presents shall come, be scene, heard, read, or understoode: 
I. Sr. Gilbert Detricke, Knight als Garter, principall King of Armes, 
send greeting in Or. lord God, everlasting: forasmvch as avnciently from 
the beginning, the valiant and vertvos acts of excellent personnes, have 
beene comended to the World and posterity, with svndry monvments 
and remembrances of their good desearts, amongst th. which the chiefest 
and most vsval hath beene the bearing of signes in shields, called armes, 
being demonstracons and tokens of prowes and valoir diversley distrib- 
vted, according to the qualities and desearts of the personnes meritting 
the same to th. intent, that such, as by their vertves, doe add and shew- 
forth to the advancement of the common weale, the shine of their good 
life, and conversacon in dayley practize of things worthy and Comend- 
able, may therefore receive due honor in their lives, and also derive and 
Continve the same svccessively to their posterity forever — Amongst the 
wch. nomber, Anthony Andrews of Pisbroke in the Covnty of Rvtland — 
Gentleman, not knowing what armes his ancestors have bore and not 
mynding to shew forth any other than he may lawfvlly beare. In Consid- 
eracon Whereof, and for fvrther declaracon of the worthynes of the 
said Anthony Andrews and at his instant reqvest, I, the said Garter, 
principall King of Armes, by power & avthority of my office, to me comitted 
by tres patente, vnder the great scale of England have assigned, geven, 
and Granted vnto the said Anthony Andrews, and to his posterity 
forever theese Armes and Creast, to be borne in manner and forme 
heerin declared and set forth. That is to say, Azvre, a crosse, Ermyne, 

83 



ANDREWS 



betvixt fovre, Flover de Ivces govld, on a torce, silver and azvre, a demy 
lyon, the tayles efforcee govld: a crown argent hovlding in his dexter 
Paw a hart Gvles: Mantled Gvles, dovbled argent: as more playnely 
appeareth, depicted in this Margent: all wch. said armes, wth. Helmet, 
Mantles, Torce and Creast, and every part and parole therof — I the said 
Garter doe by thees presents, ordeyne and set forth vnto the said Anthony 
Andrews and to his posterity forever, and he and they, the same to have, 
hold, vse, beare, and shewforth at all tyme & tymes hereafter in Shield, 
Coat Armour, or otherwise, at his or their owne liberty and pleasvre, 
without th impediment lett. Interruption of any person or personnes: 

In Witness Whereof: I the said Garter principall King of Armes, 
have signed theese Presents with my owne hand and have herevnto put 
the seale of my office with the seale of my armes, dated the xxviiith day 
of October 1583. In the xxvth yeare of the Raigne of our Sovveraigne 
lady Elizabeth by the grace of God. Qveene of England, France and 
Ireland, defender of the faith, &c., &c: 

^ G. Detricke als Garter 
principall Kinge of Armes. 
This is a trve copie of the Originall 
now remayning in ye custody 
of Edward Andrews, Esq: grandchild 
of ye above written Anthony Andrews. 
Examined the 5th day of Febrvary 1638. 

^ Wm. le New, Clarencieux 
Jere. Talbot, Wm. Dugdale 
Blanch Lyon 
I certify that the above is correctly copied from an entry in the first 
volume of Grants, page 228, preserved in the College of Arms, London. 

G. A. Lindsay, 

Portcullis. 
London, Eng. 28th June, 1893. 



GENEALOGY 

56. ANTHONY' ANDREWS (i), of Alexton, in the 
County of Leicester, and Pisbroke, in the County of Rutland, 
England; born 1530. 

Anthony^ Andrews m. Dorothea Lenton, of Alin- 
wele, in the County of Northampton, and had issue: 

EDWARDi (vid. Sec. 57). 

ANTHONY^ m. the dau. of Anthony CoUey, of Glaston, in the County 
of Rutland; their issue, Anthony'' (m. ; their issue, Mar- 
garet, d. unmarried). 

Fanny. 

84 



ANDREWS 



57. EDWARD' ANDRE\A^S (ii), of Alexton, in the 
County of Leicester, son of Anthony' Andrews and 
Dorothea (Lenton) Andrews. 

Edward' Andrews m., ist, Brigitta Palmer, dau. of 
William Palmer, of Carleton, in the County of Northam- 
ton, and had issue: 

EDWARD^ (vid. Sec. 58). 

Edward' Andrews m., 2nd, Jane Newsam, of Chades- 
hunt, in the County of Warwick. 

58. EDWARD-' ANDREWS (iii), of Alexton, in the 
County of Leicester, and Pisbroke, in the County of Rut- 
land, son of Edward' Andrews and Brigitta (Palmer) 
Andrews. 

Edward- Andrews m., ist, Judith Sanders, dau. of 

Edward Sanders, of the County of Warwick, and had 

issue : 

Brigitta. 

Anthony*. 

Judith. 

Maria. 

Johanna. 

Edward" Andrews m., 2nd, Maria Holder, dau. of 
Clemens Holder, of Southwell, in the County of Notting- 
ham, and had issue : 

Thomas'. 

Clemens. 

JOHNi (vid. Sec. 59). 

Edward^ 

Flora. 

Catherine. 

Anna. 

59. JOHN' ANDREWS (iv), of Alexton, in the County 
of Leicester, and Pisbroke, in the County of Rutland, son 
of Edward^ Andrews and Maria (Holder) Andrew? 
born at Alexton. 

85 



ANDREWS 



John' Andrews emigrated to iVmerica, under the patron- 
age of Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore), about the year 1654, 
and settled in Calvert and Anne Arundel Counties, in the 
Province of Maryland. 

JoHN^ Andrews m. Mary , and had issue : 

JOHN2 (vid. Sec. 60). 

Ed\v.\rd\ 

Anthony^. 

Thomas*. 

Nathaniel'. 

Marcus', m. Rebecca ; their issue, Sarah, Daniel, Rebecca, 

Nathaniel^ Marcus^, and Isaac. 
Elizabeth. 
Maria. 

60. JOHN^' ANDREWS (v), of Dorchester County, 
Maryland, son of John' Andrews and Mary Andrews; 
born in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. 

John'^ Andrews m. Alice Greening, and had issue: 

MOSES' (vid. Sec. 61). 

John*. 

James'. 

William'. 

Joseph'. 

Thomas'*. 

Mary. 

Eleanor. 

Joan. 

61. MOSES' ANDREWS (vi), of Cecil County, Mary- 
land, son of JoHN^ Andrews and Alice (Greening) An- 
drews; born 1720, in Dorchester County, Maryland. 

Moses' Andrews m. Letitia Cooke, and had issue: 

Moses'-. 

JOHN* (vid. Sec. 62). 

James*, b. 1760, in Cecil County, Maryland, d. 1823, in Newcastle 

County, Delaware; m. Elizabeth ; their issue, Martha 

(m. Samuel Black); Abigail (m. John A. Lowe); Eliza (m. 
John Van Auringe); Alexander; William'; Louisa; Rebecca; 
Sheminth; Willison; and Henry' (m. and had issue, five daugh- 
ters and a son, Henry'- P.). 

Robert' (vid. Sec. 63). 

Polydore. 

86 



ANDREWS 



62. REV. JOHN* ANDREWS, D.D. (vii)> (^C'Cecil 
County, Maryland, son of Moses^ Andrews and Letitia 
(Cooke) Andrews; born April 4th, 1746, in Cecil County, 
Maryland; died March 29th, 1813. He was buried in Christ 
Church Cemetery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

JoHN^ Andrews graduated from the University of Penn- 
sylvania in 1765. Ordained priest of the Episcopal Church 
in England 1767. In charge of St. Peter's Church, Lewes, 
Delaware, upon his return from England and remained 
there several years, leaving there to take charge of St. 
John's Church, York, and St. John's Church, Carlisle, Penn- 
sylvania, with missionary jurisdiction in Cumberland and 
York counties, Pennsylvania, from 1770 to 1775. He then 
accepted charge of St. John's Church, Queen Anne County, 
Maryland, and remained there until the commencement 
of the Revolutionary War, when, not considering himself 
absolved from the oath of allegiance to England at the time 
of his admission to Holy Orders (although a decided Ameri- 
can in politics) , he did not think himself at liberty to cancel 
that obligation and assume another to the United States. 
He therefore became disqualified for the public exercise of 
his profession, and removed again to York, Pennsylvania, 
where he established a classical academy, which he con- 
ducted with distinguished reputation and success. When 
the independence of the United States became firmly estab- 
lished and acknowledged, he resumed the exercise of his 
clerical functions by the acceptance of the parish of St. 
Thomas, Garrison Forest, Baltimore County, Maryland, of 
which he was the rector from April 13th, 1782, to April, 
1785. His superior talents and acquirements in classical 
literature were so conspicuous that when the Protestant 
Episcopal Academy was instituted in Philadelphia in 1785, 
he was solicited by the unanimous vote of the trustees to 
accept the charge of the same. The degree of Doctor of 
Divinity was conferred on him by Washington College, 
Maryland, in 1785. He was principal of the Episcopal 

87 



ANDREWS 



Academy, Philadelphia, 1785 to 1789, and was professor 
of moral philosophy in the University of Pennsylvania 
from 1789 to 1 813; also vice-provost of said University 
1789 to 1 8 10, and provost of the same iSioto 1813. (Gene- 
alogy of the Andrews Family and Alliances, by Robert* 
Andrews, 1893.) 

JoHN^ Andrews m. Elizabeth Callender, dau. of 
Robert Callender and Frances (Slough) Callender, of 
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and had issue : 

ROBERT^ (vid. Sec. 64). 

Letitia. 

Mary. 

Joseph-. 

JoHN^ (vid. Sec. 65). 

William^ Neill. 

George. 

Elizabeth Callender. 

EDWARD^ b. August 2nd, 1790, d. October 23rd, 1825. 

Mary Benger. 

Copy from the record of a meeting of the Church 
Wardens and Vestrymen of St. Peter's Church, Lewestown, 
Delaware, ye 3d day of August, 1767 : 

Present; Jacob Kollock, Daniel Meney, Church Wardens; John 
Clowes, Samviel Paynter, Ross Woolf, Jacob Kollock, Jr., Luke Shields, 
WiUiam Lewis, Daniel Mintz, John Rodney and John Russell, Vestrymen; 
which day the Rev. Mr. John Andrews produced to the said Church War- 
dens and Vestrymen, his credentials of being admitted into Priest's 
Orders, and his license to preach in Pennsylvania; also a letter dated ye 
21st of February, 1767, from Daniel Burton, Secretary to the Venerable 
and Honorable Society for Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign parts, 
which was read before the said Church Wardens and Vestrymen, and 
accepted with gratitude, so far as it concerned the Church of St. Peter's, 
aforesaid. The Vestry then agreed to meet at the church aforesaid to 
consider the affairs of the said church on Wednesday next being the 
eighth day of this instant. They also ordered that the letter aforesaid 
from Dr. Burton be entered in their book, which is as followeth, viz: 

Gentlemen: 

I have reed, your letter of the nth of November last and com- 
municated it to the Society, who are very glad that you have made 
choice of so worthy a person as Mr. John Andrews to recommend for 

88 



ANDREWS 



your minister. He is in pursuance of your request, appointed to be a mis- 
sionary in your country. From the recommendations which he brought 
with him and the conversation I have had with him I make no doubt 
but that he will acquit himself in every part of his character with credit 
and usefulness, and therefore hope that you will testify your regard both 
to him and to the Society, by contributing in a genteel and liberal manner 
toward his decent support. 

I am Gentlemen with much regard, 

Your most obedt humble servant, 

D. Burton. 

Abingdon Street, Westminster, Feby 21st, 1767. 

To the Church Wardens and Vestrymen of Lewes in Sussex County on 
Delaware, Pennsylvania. 

The following obituary on the character of the late Dr. 
JoHN^ Andrews was published in the Theological Magazine, 
June 19th, 1813 : 

The loss which society has sustained by the death of the late Rev. 
Venerable and Learned Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, Dr. 
Andrews, calls as justly and as loudly for public regret as it does for the 
tear of affection and the sigh of friendship. This excellent and exem- 
plary man closed his period of probation on Monday, the 29th of March, 
1813, in the 67th year of his age. The various requirements of science 
and the singular assemblage of virtues which constituted and adorned 
his character can only be justly estimated by those who enjoyed the high 
privilege of intimate and familiar intercourse with him. As a public 
character his usefulness was extensive and important. The distinguished 
institution in which he for many years exercised his talents, and over 
which he presided at the time of his death, owes much of its celebrity to 
his direction and discipline. His perfect knowledge of his native lan- 
guage rendered him one of the most accurate composers and elegant 
readers that combined knowledge, taste and judgment could form. Nor 
was he less skilled in the Greek and Latin languages. His minute and 
judicious observation of men and manners, the wide range which he com- 
manded of classical lore and general information, aided by a remarkably 
accurate and retentive memory, rendered his colloquial powers unri- 
valled. As a theologian he was well versed in systematic divinity and 
ecclesiastical history and was an able and zealous defender of the doc- 
trines of the Protestant Episcopal Church. He was richly endowed by 
nature with all those excellent qualifications which are necessary to give 
dignity to character and real value to human action. He was an impress- 
ive and eloquent preacher; a correct, critical and copious linguist, and an 
extensive and accomplished professor of belles lettres and literature. 
Such were a few of the unrivalled powers of intellect which excited the 
admiration and commanded the respect of all who knew him. Pious with- 



ANDREWS 



out austerity, devout without ostentation, his sentiments were formed 
and his conduct regulated by that "pure and undefiled rehgion" which, 
equally uninfluenced by the folly of enthusiasm or the credulity of super- 
stition, rendered the constant tenor of his life exemplarily virtuous. 

63. Rev. ROBERT' ANDREWS (vii), of Williams- 
burg, Virginia, son of Moses' Andrews and Letitia 
(Cooke) Andrews, of Cecil County, Maryland; born in 
Cecil County, Maryland; died 1804, and was buried in the 
churchyard of Bruton Parish, Williamsburg, Virginia. 

Robert' Andrews entered the University of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1763 and graduated in 1766. The degree of M.A. 
was conferred on him by that institution in 1771. After 
acting as tutor for some years in the family of John Page, 
of Virginia, he went to England in 1772 and there took 
Holy Orders in the Church of England. On his return to 
Virginia he was made professor of moral and intellectual 
philosophy at William and Mary College, Williamsburg. 
He at one time acted as private secretary to Governor Nel- 
son, and served as commissioner in 1781, with Dr. James 
Madison (afterwards President of the United States), to 
determine the boundary line between Virginia and Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Robert' Andrews m., ist, Elizabeth Ballard, dau. 
of Robert Ballard, of Princess Anne County, Maryland, 
and had issue : 

Robert^, resided in New Orleans. 

John", unmarried, resided in Richmond, Virginia. 

Catherine, m. Joseph Wilkerson. 

Anne, m. William Randolph, son of Peyton Randolph and Lucy 
(Harrison) Randolph, of Wilton, Virginia; their issue, Elizabeth 
Randolph; Robert Randolph; and Catherine Randolph (m. 
George Taylor; issue, Lucy Taylor, m. Charles Carter Lee). 

Elizabeth. 

Robert' Andrews m., 2nd, Mary Blair (b. 1758, d. 
January 19th, 1820), dau. of Judge John Blair, of Virginia. 
No issue. 

(Letter of Henry* White Andrews.) 
90 



ANDREWS 



64. ROBERT-' ANDRE\A^S (viii), of Andrewsia, near 
Wilmington, Delaware, son of Rev. John^ Andrews, D.D., 
and Elizabeth (Callender) Andrews; born May, 1774, at 
York, Pennsylvania; died Aug. nth, 1842, at Philadelphia, 
and was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia. 

Robert- Andrews graduated from Mr. Brown's Acad- 
emy, Owingsburg, Maryland, and from the Episcopal Acad- 
emy of Philadelphia. He became engaged in mercantile 
business in Philadelphia and later, in 1798, in an extensive 
shipping business at Bordeaux, France. He remained in 
France until 1822, when he returned to the United States 
and subsequently resided in Philadelphia, and at Andrewsia, 
near Wilmington, Delaware. 

Robert^ Anrdews m., ist, Elizabeth Neill (died 
1802, at Toulouse, France). No issue. 

Robert^ Andrews m. 2nd, December 27th, 1804, at 
Bordeaux, France, Anne Mason (b. July, 1783, d. 1808), 
dau. of Gen. John Mason, of Analostan Island, D. C, and 
Clermont, Fairfax County, Virginia, and Rebecca (Fenton) 
Mason,* and had issue: 

ELIZA, b. 1806, Bordeaux, France; d. July 24th, 1872; m. 

HARRY2 CONNELLY (vid. Sec. 50). 
Nancy (vid. Sec. 66). 

* No mention of the marriage of General John Mason to Rebecca 
Fenton, or of the existence of their daughter Anne Mason, is made in 
the records of the Mason family, and in this respect they are incomplete. 
Although nothing is known of Rebecca Fenton further than the fact 
that she lived at the time of her marriage to Mason in Georgetown, 
Maryland, and that she bore him a daughter, her marriage to him is 
proved by the testimony of seven merchants of good standing of Bor- 
deaux, France, two of whom were natives of Maryland, and all but two 
citizens of the United States. This testimony was elicited in the pro- 
ceedings by Anne Mason before the Civil Tribunal at Bordeaux, in lieu 
of the presentation by her of a certificate of birth registry, upon her 
marriage to Robert- Andrews. Under the French Civil Code it is 
required that persons about to contract marriage shall produce their 
certificates of registry of birth, but, as stated in the decree of the Civil 
Tribunal of Bordeaux, Robert^ Andrews and Anne Mason were per- 

91 



ANDREWS 



Robert'- Andrews m. 3rd, June i6th, 18 13, Mary 
Margaret Wilson (b. 1784, d. October 4th, 1854), dau. 
of Henry Wilson and Mary (Hopkins) Wilson, of Mary- 
land, and had issue: 

John* Williams (vid. Sec. 67). 

Henry^ Wilson (vid. Sec. 68). 

Mary Antoinette, b. 1819, d. 1870; m. Louis N. Massara ; no 
issue. 

Edward® Callender, b. 1822, d. 1864; m. Mary Jones, of Philadel- 
phia; their issue, Edward'. 

65. JOHN-' ANDREWS (viii), of Philadelphia, son of 
JoHN^ Andrews and Elizabeth (Callender) Andrews; 
born February 20th, 1783, at Garrison Forest, Maryland; 
died i860, and was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery, Phila- 
delphia. 

John^ Andrews was educated at the Episcopal Acad- 
emy in Philadelphia. He w'ent to Bordeaux, France, 1801, 
and was associated with the commercial house of his brother 
Robert. He returned to Philadelphia in 18 10, and w^as 
engaged in mercantile business; he was for many years 
cashier of the United States Bank in Philadelphia, remaining 

mitted, upon its being made known to the Tribunal that no registers of 
birth were kept in the United States, to substitute therefor, and with 
the same force and effect, the testimony of witnesses. These witnesses 
testified "that it was within their complete knowledge that Anne Mason 
was the daughter of John Mason and Rebecca Fenton, her legitimate 
father and mother." 

Mason placed his daughter in the care of Mesdames Dureau and 
Labory in Bordeaux, the child's mother probably surviving her daugh- 
ter's birth only a short time. Anne Mason grew up and was educated in 
France and there met and married Robert' Andrews. Letters of Mason 
to Andrews and to his daughter (in the possession of Robert^ Andrews, 
of New York), at the time of their marriage, evince the greatest affection 
for the latter and much solicitude for her future well-being, and express 
the writer's intention to rfecall his daughter to his home (then presided 
over by his second wife) upon the completion of her education. In the 
letter to Andrews, Mason announces his determination to make the same 
provision for Anne as for his other daughters. For the history of the 
Mason Family in other respects, vid. "The Life and Letters of George 
Mason," Kate Mason Rowland. 

92 



ANDREWS 



with it until it was closed; afterwards he held a position 
in the Quartermaster's Department, United States Army, 
and subsequently in the United States Custom-House, 
of Philadelphia. 

JoHN^ Andrews m. Margaret Abercrombie, dau. of 
Rev. Dr. James Abercrombie and Ann (Baynton) Aber- 
crombie, of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

John' Callender. 

Robert*. 

Elizabeth Callender (vid. Sec. 69). 

James''. 

Ann Baynton (vid. Sec. 70). 

66. NANCY ANDREWS (ix), dau. of Robert- An- 
drews and Anne (Mason) Andrews; born February 3rd, 
1808; died October 26th, 1866; married, February 27th, 
1832, Jabez' Maud Fisher, of Philadelphia, and had 
issue : 

Robert Andrews Fisher, b. December 21st, 1832, d. October 6th, 
1893; m., January i6th, 1865, Anna Brown Pigman; their 
issue, Lizette Andrews, b. December 21st, 1868; and Mabel 
Burbridge, b. October 13th, 1870, d. November 26th, 1874. 

Miers Fisher, b. April 27th, 1834. 

Morton Coates Fisher, b. June 24th, 1835, d. December 29th, 
1889; m., February 23rd, 1876, Catharine Parkin. 

Sarah Redwood Fisher, b. December 19th, 1836, d. September 19th, 

1837- 

Eliza Andrews Fisher, b. April i6th, 1838, d. March 24th, 1867; 
m., February 22nd, 1866, Edward D. Boyd. 

Redwood Fisher, b. November 19th, 1839, d. May 12th, 1870, 
m., May 6th, 1865, Rachel Louise Perrenoud; their issue, 
Louise Andrews, b. July 27th, 1866; Charles Gustave, b. Au- 
gust 3rd, 1868; and Ella Lavinia, b. September 3rd, 1870. 

Jabez^ Maud Fisher, b. January 9th, 1842, d. February 12th, 1879. 

Benjamin Warner Fisher, b. April 20th, 1843, <i- J^^Y 13*^, 1849. 

Nancy Andrews Fisher, b. February 3rd, 1845, d. June 4th, 1883. 

William Redwood Fisher, b. November 14th, 1847; "^•' Septem- 
ber 13th, 1882, Jennie Edna White; their issue, John White, 
b. June 1 8th, 1883; Redwood Warner, b. August 25th, 1889; 
and Elizabeth Sarah, b. July 28th, 1891. 

Holmes Fisher, b. February loth, i85i;d. January 15th, 1853. 

93 



ANDREWS 



67. Colonel JOHN" WILLIAMS ANDREWS (ix), 
of Philadelphia, son of Robert^ Andrews and Mary 
Margaret (Wilson) Andrews; born June 4th, 1814, at 
Bordeaux, France; died August, 1881, and was buried in 
Old Swedes' Church Cemetery, Wilmington, Delaware. 

John'' Williams Andrews was educated at the Military 
School at Mount Airy, Pennsylvania, and at Dr. Coggs- 
well's Academy at Northampton, Massachusetts. He also 
attended a full course in the medical department of the 
University of Pennsylvania, but never practised his pro- 
fession. He settled on his farm called Andrewsia, near 
Wilmington, Delaware, and subsequently at Stockford, New 
Castle County, Delaware. He took an active part in mili- 
tary affairs in the State of Delaware, and organized the First 
Troop, Delaware Light Dragoons, a well-known military 
company. He served as captain of this troop from 1847 to 
1855. He was colonel of the First Regiment, Delaware 
Infantry Volunteers, during the Civil War, 1861 to 1863. 
He was for many years a vestryman of Trinity Church, 
Wilmington, Delaware. 

JoHN^ Williams Andrews m. Mary Newman (b. Au- 
gust, 1814; d. February 2nd, 1897), dau. of John Beau- 
CLERC Newman and Ann Harrison (Clement) Newman, 
of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

Robert* (vid. Sec. 71). 

Mary Newman (vid. Sec. 72). 

JoHN^ Newman, b. September 13th, 1838, d. December 27th, 1903; 
m., February 23rd, 1865, Lucy McEntee; their issue, James* 
Newman, b. April 29th, 1866; and John'" Sedgwick, b. May 25th, 
1873. General John* Newman Andrews was graduated from 
the United States Military Academy at West Point, i860, 
served with distinction through the Civil War, and was after- 
wards on frontier duty for many years. He was appointed 
captain, 8th Infantry, 1864; major, 21st Infantry, 1886; lieu- 
tenant-colonel, 25th Infantry, 1891, and colonel, 12th Infantry, 
1896. On the outbreak of the war with Spain he was ap- 
pointed brigadier-general of volunteers, and in 1 899 was placed 
on the retired list, U. S. A., at his own request. 

94 



ANDREWS 



Ella, b. July 13th, 1846, d. April 28th, 1900 ; m., January 3rd, 
1866, General James H. Wilson ; their issue, Mary Wilson, b. 
October 30th, 1866 (m., April 14th, 1891, Henry' B. Thompson; 
issue, Mary Thompson, Catherine Thompson, Henry- B. Thomp- 
son, Elinor Thompson, and James H. Wilson Thompson); Kath- 
erine Wilson, b. November 5th, 1870; and Eleanor Wilson, b. 
October igth, 1880. 

68. HENRY ^ WILSON ANDREWS (ix), of Phila- 
delphia, son of Robert^ Andrews and Mary Margaret 
(Wilson) Andrews; born January 8th, 181 6, at Bordeaux, 
France; died August 7th, 1890, and was buried in Laurel 
Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia. 

Henry^ Wilson Andrews was educated at the Military 
School at Mount Airy, Pennsylvania, and at Dr. Coggs- 
well's Round Hill Academy, Northampton, Massachusetts. 
He afterwards entered the Sophomore Class of 1836 at the 
University of Pennsylvania, but did not graduate. After 
an absence abroad of several years, he returned to Phila- 
delphia, and engaged in commercial business with Henry 
Wilson in the West India trade. Subsequently he was en- 
gaged in general merchandise brokerage business and was 
an attache of the United States Custom-House. 

Henry^ Wilson Andrews m. ist, November 19th, 
1845, Matilda N. White (b. November i8th, 1822; d. 
October 23rd, 1858), dau. of Henry White and Jane P. 
White, of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

Henry* White, b. December i8th, 1855; m., December 25th, 1891, 
Frances Marie Wilson (b. Nov. 24th, 1868); their issue, Robert* 
Callender, b. September 25th, 1892; Henry^ White, b. Octo- 
ber nth, 1897; and Evelyn, b. February 9th, 1901. 

Henry^ Wilson Andrews m., 2nd, Mary A. Lovette, 
and had issue : 

Ernest Herbert, b. August 28th, 1863, d. March 17th, 1888. 
Violet Wilson, b. March 12th, 1868, m. Llewellyn Jones. 

69. ELIZABETH CALLENDER ANDREWS (ix), dau. 
of John** Andrews and Margaret (Abercrombie) An- 

95 



ANDREWS 



DREWS; born December loth, 1816; died December i6th, 
1845; married, July 3rd, 1833, Nathaniel Sayre Harris 
(b. September 29th, 1805), of Philadelphia, and had issue: 

John' Andrews Harris, D. D., S. T. D., b. July 15th, 1834; m. 
ist, November 6th, 1856, Almy Sophia Hale (d. Feb. 27th, 
1859); their issue, Alan Hale, b. Feb. 19th, 1859 (m., April 
28th, 1886, Helen Marie Day); m. 2nd, April 2nd, 1861, Anna 
Cole Wright; their issue, John- Andrews, b. Feb. 24th, 1862 
(m., Dec. 30th, 1896, Georgiana French); and Elizabeth 
Andrews, b. Jan. 24th, 1864. 

Meta Andrews Harris, b. Feb. 9th, 1838, d. April 5th, 1839. 

Elizabeth Callender Harris, b. Dec. nth, 1839; m., Sept. 28th, 
1865, Francis' Bowes Stevens; their issue, Alexander Stevens, 
b. August 31st, 1866; Francis^ Bowes Stevens, b. July ist, 
1868, d. September 4th, 1905 (m. Adele Horwitz) ; Elizabeth 
Callender Stevens, b. November 25th, 1869 (m. Richard Stevens) ; 
Meta Andrews Stevens, b. August 12th, 1872, d. August 4th, 
1873; ^'^d Theodosius Fowler Stevens, b. December 7th, 1879. 

Edwin Stevens Harris, b. August ist, 1842, d. May nth, 1864. 

Julia Stockton Harris, b. June 13th, 1844, d. May 15th, 1845. 

Henry' Leavenworth Harris, b. December 4th, 1845; m., Aug. 
19th, 1872, Emily Kent Poag; their issue, Dora Andrews, b. 
Aug. 29th, 1873 C"^-' Nov. 2 ist, 1905, Douglas Farley Cox); 
Henry^ Leavenworth, b. August 20th, 1875; and Emily Sayre, 
b. November 30th, 1885. 

(Nathaniel Sayre Harris m. 2nd, November 2nd, 
1847, Juliana Stevens, and had issue: Theodosius Fowler, 
born August 31st, 1848, died March 2nd, 1850, and Julian 
Sayre, born January ist, 185 1, died January 27th, 1875.) 

70. ANN BAYNTON ANDREWS (ix), dau. of John' 
Andrews and Margaret (Abercrombie) Andrews; born 
June ist, 181 1 ; died April 28th, 1882; married, May, 1836, 
Edward' T. Shaw, and had issue: 

John Andrews Shaw, b. 1837, d. 1839. 

Ann Baynton Shaw, b. 1840; m., 1865, Samuel' Betton; their issue, 
Edward Betton, b. May 25th, 1867, d. November 15th, 1875; 
and SamueP Betton, b. October 2nd, 1879, d. October 5th, 1892. 

Meta Andrews Shaw, b. 1841; m., 1863, Walter McMichael (d. 
1899); their issue, Mary McMichael, b. February loth, 1865 (m., 
November 28th, 1888, Benjamin' Chew Tilghman; issue, Ben- 
jamin''' Chew Tilghman, b. 1890). 
96 



ANDREWS 



Charlotte Abercrombie Shaw, b. September loth, 1842; m., 
November 8th, 1871, Howell Williams Robert; their issue, Mary 
T. Robert, b. August 15th, 1872, d. January 6th, 1892; 
Romeyne Robert, b. October i6th, 1877 (m., April loth, 1902, 
Ruggero Bourbon del Monte, Marchese di Sorbello; issue, 
Giovanni Antonio Cristofero Raniere Bourbon del Monte, b. 
February 9th, 1903, and Uguccione Georgio Carlo Roberto 
Bourbon del Monte, b. February 22nd, 1906); Nanci Baynton 
Robert, b. December, 1880, d. January 4th, 1892; and Jocelyne 
Abercrombie Robert, b. July 6th, 1882, d. October 28th, 1882. 

Edward^ Henry Shaw, b. 1845, d. 1886; m., 1869, Helen McMichael 
(b. February 24th, 1848, d. April 30th, 1906); their issue, 
Edward^ Henry, b. January 8th, 1870 (m. Frances Newman; 
issue, George Newman, Edward* Henry, and Oscar Moore); Gra- 
ham, b. January 24th, 1874 (m., July nth, 1906, Sarah Isabella 
Field); and Marion Godey, b. April 14th, 1879 (m., Septem- 
ber 29th, 1901, Major Arthur Whyte-Mellville Wilson, British 
Army) . 

Bertha Shaw, b. 1848, d. 1848. 

Ida Shaw, b. 1850, d. 1851. 

71. ROBERT' ANDREWS (x), of New York, son of 
JoHN^ Williams Andrews and Mary (Newman) Andrews, 
of Philadelphia; born August 2nd, 1834, at Andrewsia, near 
Wilmington, Delaware. 

Robert' Andrews was educated at the Episcopal 
Academy, Cheshire, Conn., Trinity College, Hartford, 
Conn., and the Polytechnic College, Philadelphia. As a 
civil engineer he was engaged in a number of important 
public works. He was major of 2nd Delaware U. S. Vol- 
unteers, 1861-1863. He was principal engineer, Saratoga 
and Hudson River Railway, 1863-1865; chief engineer, 
Wabash Railway, 1865-1885; chief engineer, Virginia Mid- 
land Railway, 1885-1888; vice-president. New York Car 
Heating and Pintsch Gas Lighting Companies, 1889, and 
president, 1901. 

Robert' Andrews m., June loth, 1858, Harriet 
Buchanan Adams (b. April 5th, 1838), dau. of Thomas 
Jenifer Adams and Isabella Bogie Adams, of Wilmington, 
Delaware, and had issue : 

7 97 



ANDREWS 



Jennie, b. July i6th, 1850; in.. June lolh, 1885, Charles' Breck 
Adams; their issue, Charles'- Breck Adams, b. August ist, 
1887; and Helen M. Adams, b. April 27th, 1890. 

Ella, b. January 20th, 1873. 

72. MARY NEWMAN ANDREWS (x), dau. of John« 
Williams Andrews and Mary (Newman) Andrews, of 
Andrewsia, near Wilmington, Delaware; born February ist, 
1836; married, July 14th, 1857, Theodore' Rogers, of 
Dunleith, near Wilmington, Delaware, and had issue: 

Annie Rogers, b. May 4th, 1858; m., ist, June 20th, 1876, George' 

Zinn; their issue, Mary R. Zinn, b. November 30th, 1877, d. 

January 19th, 1903; and George'^ Zinn, b. May 15th, 1883; 

m., 2nd, June ist, 1892, William' du Pont; their issue, Marion 

du Pont, b. May 3rd, 1894; and William''' du Pont, b. February 

nth, 1896. 
Theodore^ Beauclerc Rogers, b. August, i860, d. December, 1906; 

m. Lula Godwin; their issue, Theodore^ Beauclerc, b. 1887. 
Helen Rogers, b. December, 1863; m. Thomas' B. Bradford; 

their issue, Thomas^ Bradford, b. February 1890, d. May 22nd, 

1899 



APPENDIX 



HISTORICAL SKETCH OF KENT ISLAND, AND OF THE 
PALATINATE OF MARYLAND. 

King James I, in 1606, issued a charter under which Virginia, Eng- 
land's first permanent colony in America, was established. This docu- 
ment defines Virginia as extending from the 34th to the 4Sth degree of 
latitude and one hundred miles inland from the sea-coast. A second 
charter, issued in 1609, describes this territory as extending from sea to 
sea. The privilege of colonization was granted to two joint-stock com- 
panies known as the First and Second Colonies. The territory allotted 
to the First Colony, under the title of "The Treasurer and Company of 
Adventurers of the City of London for the Colony of Virginia," extended 
between the 34th and 41st degrees of latitude. Under this charter the 
first party of colonists sent out by the London Company landed, May 13th, 
1607, on a peninsula on the north bank of the Powhatan River, named 
by them the James River, at a point afterwards known as Jamestown. 
The affairs of the young colony were administered by the Company until 
1624, when its charter was annulled and Virginia became a royal govern- 
ment, its governors being appointed by the Crown. From this time the 
province was known as the Kingdom of Virginia, — en dat Virginia quintum. 

Among the settlers in Virginia under the charter of the London 
Company was an Englishman of a good Westmoreland family named 
William Claiborne, who arrived in Virginia in 1621 and soon took rank 
among the leading men of that colony. In 1627 we find him actively 
engaged in trade with the Indians and, in this connection, authorized by 
the Governor of Virginia to ascertain by exploration the source and ex- 
tent of the Chesapeake Bay, a waterway included in the boundaries of 
that colony, but hitherto unexplored. Claiborne soon after the above 
date became secretary of the colony, and as such was sent to England in 
1 63 1 on a mission, the object of which will subsequently appear. While 
in England he succeeded in obtaining, as a personal concession, a license 
to trade in any and all parts of North America "not already pre-empted 
by monopolies." Returning to Virginia, Claiborne, under his own inter- 
pretation of this concession, lost no time in establishing a settlement of 
Virginia colonists on an island in Chesapeake Bay a few miles south of the 
Patapsco River. This was Kent Island, and here it was that the first 
settlement in the territory afterwards to be known as Maryland was 
made, in the year 1631. 

tOFC 



APPENDIX 



Although Claiborne's coup de main had given to the Virginians the 
first foothold in Maryland, that province was to be colonized through 
other agencies. For these the Calvert family of Yorkshire, England, 
were responsible, and with the destinies of that family the history of 
Maryland is closely interwoven for nearly a century and a half. George 
Calvert, the first member of this family with whom we are concerned, 
was bom about 1580, and entered public life in England as an under- 
secretary in the State Department. He was a strong advocate of the 
Spanish marriage, and enjoyed the favor of King James, by whom he 
was knighted in 161 7. In 161 9 he was appointed secretary of state, and 
in 1625 was raised to the Irish peerage as Baron Baltimore. Calvert 
was a member of the Roman Church and had long cherished the plan of 
establishing a colony in America where religious toleration should pre- 
vail. In pursuance of this plan he obtained, in March, 1623, a grant of 
the great southeastern promontory of Newfoundland. This territory 
received the name of Avalon, the form of government adopted being 
that of a palatinate and as such was modelled after the Bishopric of 
Durham, the last of the three great palatinates of Chester, Durham, 
and Kent, established by William the Conqueror for the better defence 
of the marches of his kingdom. The powers granted to Calvert as Lord 
Proprietor under this charter are supposed to have been the greatest ever 
bestowed by the Crown upon a subject. 

George Calvert, after a winter spent at Newfoundland, abandoned 
that colony and received from Charles I, June, 1632, a grant of the terri- 
tory lying north of the Potomac River, extending theii^e to the 40th 
degree of latitude and comprised between the sea-coast and about the 
80th degree of longitude. The charter was drawn up by Calvert with his 
own hand and was in the main a copy of the Avalon charter. He died, 
however, before it had received the royal signature, but in June, 1632, 
the same charter was issued to his son, Cecilius, second Lord Baltimore. 
This territory received the name of Maryland, after Charles's Catholic 
queen, Henriette Marie, known in England as Queen Mary. 

The first expedition to Maryland under the Baltimore charter sailed 
from England, Nov. 22, 1633, in a ship called the "Ark," of 300 tons 
burden, with an attendant pinnace called the "Dove," of 50 tons burden. 
It consisted of twenty-two "gentlemen adventurers" and three hundred 
laborers under the command of Leonard Calvert, brother to Cecilius, whom 
the latter had appointed governor of his new province. This expedition, 
after touching at Barbadoes and Point Comfort, sailed up the Potomac 
and landed, March 25, 1634, on St. Clement's Island, now known as Black- 
iston's Island. Two days later the settlers bought from the Algonquin 
Indians a village situated on a bluff overlooking the St. Mary's River, 
which became known as St. Mary's. Land in the vicinity of this settle- 
ment had so long been cleared and cultivated by the natives that the 
Maryland planters were soon able to produce ample crops, and, owing to 
the exhaustive warfare which the neighboring Indians were waging with 
each other, the settlers were exempted from the hardships to which the 



APPENDIX 



hostility of the natives had subjected the colonists of Virginia. The 
colony of Maryland prospered, and thriving plantations soon spread 
from St. Mary's about the shores of the Potomac River and Chesapeake 
Bay, while accessions to the original settlement steadily arrived from 
England. In February, 1635, the first assembly was convened and the 
first laws enacted. 

The features of the palatinate government under Lord Baltimore's 
charter were analogous to those of the Palatinate of Durham already 
referred to. In the latter case the bishop was a feudal landlord of the 
territory in his bishopric, his government being an independent one, 
with the exceptions: that he was "a tenant in capite of the Crown, 
besides being an officer of the Church and a member of the House of 
Lords; that the county regularly paid its share of the national taxes; 
and that cases in litigation between the bishop and his subjects could 
be appealed to the Court of Exchequer in London."* In the Maryland 
palatinate the Lord Proprietor held his territory as a tenant of the Crown, 
as in the case of the bishop of Durham, but he differed from the bishop 
in that he was an hereditary ruler, that his palatinate was exempt from 
Crown taxation, and that in case of controversy between him and his 
subjects no appeal could be taken to any British court. The one feat- 
ure which modified his despotism was the representative assembly, 
known as the House of Burgesses, which initiated legislation. Laws 
enacted by the assembly went into effect upon the signature of the 
governor, subject, however, to the veto of the proprietor. The governor 
of the province was appointed by the proprietor and was the head of the 
civil adminstration of the province. He also presided over the provin- 
cial court, which was the chancery court of the province, and exercised 
the functions of lord lieutenant and commander in chief of the militia. 
This official corresponded to the chancellor of temporalities in Durham, 
who was the bishop's chief minister and the head of the civil government, 
and presided over the high court of chancery. The official next in im- 
portance to the governor was the secretary of the colony, who acted 
as receiver and disburser of revenue and in this capacity resembled the 
receiver-general of Durham. The secretary in addition was the recorder 
and judge of probate and sometimes acted as attorney-general. Under 
the secretary of the colony next came the surveyor-general, whose 
duties were to determine metes and bounds and to supervise manorial 
affairs. The surveyor-general corresponded to the bishop's seneschal, 
who held manorial courts, the jurisdiction of which included such affairs 
as related to the tenants of the manor. In addition to the above officials 
there was a lieutenant commander of militia, known as the muster master 
general, whose duties might seem analogous to those of the lord lieu- 
tenant of the bishopric. In Durham there was but one high sheriff, who 
enforced the decisions of the courts, but in Maryland each county had 
its sheriff, designated as high sheriff of the county, who, in addition to 

* Old Virginia and Her Neighbours, John Fiske. 

lOI 



APPENDIX 



the characteristic duties of his office, "collected all taxes, held all elec- 
tions, and made the returns." The county court in Maryland resembled 
the courts presided over by the justices of the peace in Durham, and was 
presided over by the commissioners of the county. The commissioners 
of a county were appointed by the governor, and with the authority of 
conservators of the peace at common-law were authorized to hold county 
courts. For the purposes of minor jurisdiction a number of manors were 
created, each with its court baron and court leet, for the transaction of 
local business, corresponding to the halmote or manorial court of Durham. 
Above these was the provincial court, over which the governor sat. 
This court "dealt in common-law, chancery, and admiralty. Appeals 
from the provincial court could be taken to the council sitting as an 
upper house in the assembly."* The judges of the provincial court to- 
gether with the chief executive officers of the colony composed the coun- 
cil, over which the governor presided. The Maryland assembly, which 
constituted the radical difference between the governments of the two 
palatinates, was at first a primary assembly, and at its first session in 
1635 was composed of all the freemen, "or all who chose to come," and 
sat in the same room with Leonard Calvert and his council. " In 1638 the 
primary assembly was abandoned as cumbrous, and for purposes of mili- 
tary levy the province was divided into hundreds, and each hundred sent 
a representative to the assembly at St. Mary's." Later the county be- 
came the basis of representation in the assembly, and in 1650 the council 
began to sit as an upper house. 

The most interesting of the above institutions of government in 
Maryland was the manor. In 1635 Lord Baltimore directed that every 
grant of 2000 acres should be erected into a manor. "The manor was the 
land on which the lord and his tenants lived, and bound up with the land 
were also the rights of government which the lord possessed over the 
tenants and they over one another." These manors were little self- 
governing communities. The court leet was like a town meeting; all 
freemen could take part in it. It enacted by-laws, elected constables, 
bailiffs, and other local officers. It impanelled its jury with the steward 
of the manor presiding as judge, took cognizance of minor offences, such 
as poaching, vagrancy, and fraudulent dealing. The court baron was an 
institution in which all the freehold tenants sat as judges, determining 
questions of law and of fact and deciding all matters in dispute between 
the lord of the manor and his tenants, such as rents, trespass, and escheats. 
By this court also actions for debt were decided and transfers of land 
made. "In the life upon these manors there was a kind of patriarchal 
completeness; each was a little world in itself. There was the great 
house, with its generous dining-hall, its panelled wainscot, and its family 
portraits; there was the chapel, with the graves of the lord's family 
beneath its pavement and the graves of common folk out in the church- 
yard; there were the smoke-houses, and the cabins of negro slaves; and 

* Old Virginia and Her Neighbours, John Fiske. 
102 



APPENDIX 



here and there one might come upon the dwellings of white freehold 
tenants, with ample land about them held on leases of one-and-twenty 
years." * 

To return now to Kent Island, which formed the bone of contention 
between Maryland and Virginia and engendered animosities which played 
an important part in the early history of Lord Baltimore's colony. As 
we have already seen, a settlement was made on this island in 1631 by 
William Claiborne, consisting of Protestant colonists from Virginia. 
These settlers at once proceeded to establish themselves permanently, 
and "soon dwellings were built and mills for grinding corn, while gar- 
dens were laid out and orchards planted, and farms stocked with cattle. 
A clergyman was duly appointed to minister to the spiritual needs of 
the little settlement, and in the next year, 1632, it was represented in the 
Virginia House of Burgesses by Captain Nicholas Martian."* No wonder, 
then, that rumors of the Baltimore charter, which comprised Kent Island 
and wrested from the Virginians the lucrative prospect of an extension 
of trade along the shores of the Chesapeake, a territory which they had 
justly considered to be their own, so alarmed them as to prompt an imme- 
diate protest to the king. This protest was made through their secretary 
of state, William Claiborne, who was sent to London by Governor Harvey 
for that purpose in 1631. The objections of the Virginians were discussed 
in the Star Chamber July, 1633, but it was decided not to disturb Lord 
Baltimore's charter. Not despairing, however, of retaining Kent Island, 
which Claiborne probably regarded as a strategic point in a scheme for 
extending his trade northward, he petitioned the king, in the autumn of 
1633, to protect his interests and those of Virginia in Kent Island, in the 
hope, should his petition be granted, of discouraging Lord Baltimore and 
inducing him to make his settlement elsewhere than on the shores of 
Chesapeake Bay. While this petition was pending, however, Leonard 
Calvert with his expedition arrived at St. Mary's, and, although Lord 
Baltimore was subsequently instructed by King Charles not to molest 
Claiborne's settlement on Kent Island, it was obvious that the territory 
of Maryland was otherwise lost to the Virginians. Lord Baltimore had 
instructed his brother to approach Claiborne in a friendly spirit and to 
offer him and his settlement any assistance possible, on the distinct 
understanding, however, that Claiborne should consider himself a tenant 
of the Lord Proprietor in Maryland, and not a tenant of the Crown in 
Virginia. These overtures, under the advice of the governor and council 
of Virginia, Claiborne declined, and Lord Baltimore, alarmed by a threat- 
ened uprising of a tribe of Algonquin Indians which he believed had been 
instigated by Claiborne, directed Leonard Calvert, September, 1634, to 
seize Kent Island, arrest Claiborne, and hold him prisoner until the re- 
ceipt of further instructions. Claiborne, however, escaped to Virginia, 
and his partners in London were able to procure from the king the order 
to Lord Baltim.ore not to molest his possessions just referred to. No 

* Old Virginia and Her Neighbours, John Fiske. 
103 



APPENDIX 



conflict occurred until April, 1635, when a ship of Claiborne's was seized 
in the Patuxent River by an agent of the Maryland government for 
trading without a license, confiscated, and subsequently sold with all 
her cargo. Claiborne immediately sent the "Cockatrice," a heavily 
armed sloop, to make reprisals on Maryland shipping; but Lord Balti- 
more's government was alert, and April 23, 1635, the "Cockatrice" was 
met and captured by two armed pinnaces commanded by Thomas Corn- 
wallis after a brisk fight. On May loth there was another fight in the 
harbor of the Great Wighcocomoco at the mouth of the Pocomoke, in 
which Thomas Smith commanded for Claiborne and defeated the Mary- 
landers after more bloodshed. After this victory Claiborne maintained 
undisputed possession of the island for the next two years, when his Lon- 
don partners, Cloberly and Company, dissatisfied with their receipts 
from the Maryland trade, sent George Evelin armed with a full power of 
attorney from them to take possession of Kent Island and directed 
Claiborne to come to London to settle his accounts. Upon arriving in 
Maryland, Evelin decided to recognize the authority of Lord Baltimore's 
government over the island and invited Governor Calvert to take pos- 
session. This was done in December, 1637, by the governor in person 
with a party of armed men, and Evelin was appointed "Commander of 
the Island." 

The commander of the Isle of Kent was authorized to choose a coun- 
cil and to call "a court or courts, and to hear and consider all causes and 
actions whatsoever civil not exceeding in damages or demands the value 
of ten pounds sterling, and with the criminal jurisdiction of a justice of 
the peace in England." At a meeting of the Maryland assembly, 1638- 
39, the powers of the commander were more definitely fixed. A court of 
record was created, known as the "Hundred Court of Kent," of which 
the commander of the island was to be the judge and from which court 
an appeal lay to the county court at St. Mary's. The provincial court 
was also authorized to sit occasionally at Kent Island. In 1642 we find 
that three commissioners for the Isle of Kent were appointed by the 
governor with such powers as appertained to the commissioners of a 
county, and at this date Kent may be considered to have been finally 
absorbed by the province of Maryland and may henceforth be regarded 
as in whole or in part one of its counties. After Evelin had been estab- 
lished as commander of Kent Island, he caused the arrest of so many 
persons for debts owed to Cloberly and Company that an insurrection 
ensued, and Governor Calvert again found a visit to the island necessary 
to enforce his authority, and the result of this visit was the appointment 
in 1638 of William Brainthwayte as commander of the island. The Mary- 
land assembly then passed a bill of attainder against Claiborne, and all 
his accessible property was seized for the benefit of Lord Baltimore's 
treasury. In February, 1639, Giles Brent was appointed commander of 
the Isle of Kent with military powers and for temporary purposes. He 
apparently remained in commission on the island only a few months, as 
it appears that Brainthwayte was acknowledged by the governor as 

104 



APPENDIX 



commander of the island in August, 1640. In December, 1642, Giles 
Brent was again commissioned commander of the Isle of Kent, and in 
January, 1644, was re-succeeded by William Brainthwayte. 

Charles I, in 1644, issued an order authorizing the seizure of any Par- 
liament ships found in Maryland waters. This order was received during 
the temporary absence in England of Leonard Calvert, and Giles Brent, 
acting as deputy governor, by an amplification of its scope, seized a 
ship belonging to one Richard Ingle, a tobacco trader "and suspected 
of being a pirate." Claiborne accepted this as an opportunity of revenge 
against the Maryland government, and allying himself with Ingle seized 
Kent Island while Ingle seized and occupied St. Mary's. Governor Cal- 
vert sought refuge in Virginia, and until the end of the year 1646 Clai- 
borne and Ingle apparently looted and plundered the province at will. 
Eventually, however, Calvert received aid from Governor Berkeley of 
Virginia, and invading his own province succeeded in expelling the in- 
truders and fully re-establishing his authority. Soon after this, June, 
1647, Leonard Calvert died, and in 1648 Lord Baltimore appointed as 
his successor William Stone, a liberal-minded Protestant and supporter 
of Parliament. 

The year of 1649, ^^ which Charles I was beheaded, was made mem- 
orable in Maryland by the passage of an act concerning religion, which 
afterwards became known as the Toleration Act. This statute was drafted 
by Cecilius Calvert, and adopted without amendment by the Maryland 
assembly, on April 2 ist. By its provisions irreverent mention of the Trin- 
ity, or any Person thereof, was punishable by death and confiscation of 
property; irreverent mention of the name of the Virgin Mary was pun- 
ished by a forfeiture of five pounds sterling; the application in terms of 
reproach to any inhabitant or trader to the province of any name descrip- 
tive of his religious tenets was punishable by forfeiture of ten shillings, 
and further no person who professed to believe in our blessed Saviour 
should be "any waies troubled, molested or discountenanced for or in 
respect to his or her religion." This statute, for the times in which it 
was enacted, was remarkably liberal and reflects great credit on the wis- 
dom and toleration of Maryland's ruler. 

Under the policy suggested by the Toleration Act, Governor Stone 
encouraged the immigration to his province of Puritans suffering perse- 
cution in Virginia at the hands of Governor Berkeley, a bigoted Cavalier. 
The proffered sanctuary was accepted by the Puritans in large numbers, 
and by the end of the year 1649 i^ot less than one thousand persons had 
left Virginia and established a settlement at the mouth of a river which 
they named the Severn, giving to their settlement the name of Provi- 
dence. The Puritans did not prove tractable subjects, and attempted to 
maintain themselves as independent of the government of the proprie- 
tary. Governor Stone, however, insisted that they should be amenable 
to the laws of the province and required them to send representatives to 
the assembly. Yielding to his demands they sent two representatives 
in 1650, but again refused to be represented in the following year. They 



105 



APPENDIX 



believed that the Puritan government in England would revoke Lord 
Baltimore's charter, and their willingness to settle in his territory was 
apparently based upon the conviction that it would not much longer 
be his. 

The trend of affairs seemed to corroborate this view, for in 1652 the 
Parliament sent four commissioners, supported by its warships, to re- 
ceive the submission of the colonies of Virginia and Maryland. Of these 
commissioners one was Richard Bennett, a Puritan elder who had fled 
from Virginia and been kindly received by Governor Stone in Maryland, 
and another was the indefatigable agitator, William Claiborne. After 
receiving the submission of Virginia, Claiborne was reinstated as secre- 
tary of state under a Roundhead governor chosen by the House of Bur- 
gesses, Governor Berkeley having resigned and retired to his plantation. 
Claiborne and Bennett then repaired to St. Mary's, and demanded that 
Governor Stone and his council should sign a covenant "to be true and 
faithful to the Commonwealth of England as it is now established without 
King or House of Lords." This they agreed to do, but the further demand, 
that all writs and warrants should run no longer in Baltimore's name, 
but in the name of the "Keepers of the Liberty of England," was refused. 
Stone for this refusal was removed from office, and a provisional govern- 
ment established, but a few months afterwards, upon Stone's agreement 
to accede to all the commissioners' demands, he was reinstated. 

About this time Captain Robert Vaughn, who had succeeded Wil- 
liam Brainthwayte, April, 1647, ^-s commander of Kent under the Balti- 
more government, was deposed by the Parliamentary commissioners, and 
a new government for the island was established by the appointment of 
nine commissioners, with all the powers formerly appertaining to the 
commander and his council. The general oath of allegiance to the Com- 
monwealth of England tendered by Bennett and Claiborne was signed 
April 5th, 1652, by sixty-six freeholders of the island, which number may 
be considered to have been practically the entire adult male population 
at that time. Kent county afterwards embraced not only the original 
island bearing that name but also the whole of the eastern shore of the 
Chesapeake, its present limits being gradually defined by the boundaries 
of new counties which from time to time encroached upon its terri- 
tory; thus, Talbot county was taken from Kent in 1661, Somerset in 
1666, Dorchester in 1669, Cecil in 1674, Queen Anne's in 1706, Worcester 
in 1742, and Caroline in 1773. In 1695 Kent Island was parted from the 
county to which it had given its name and attached to Talbot county, 
but, when in 1706 Queen Anne's county was carved out of the original 
boundaries of Kent, the much-disputed island was given to it, and in 
this relation it has since remained undisturbed. 

We have seen that in 1652 Governor Stone had been reinstated in 
oflfice by the representatives of the Parliament upon his agreement to 
allow writs to run in the name of the Keepers of the Liberty of England, 
but in 1653, after Cromwell had dissolved the Rump Parliament, Stone 
announced, upon receipt of an order from Lord Baltimore to that effect, 

106 



APPENDIX 



that he should issue them as formerly in the name of the proprietary. 
The result of this action, as well as of other controversies between Governor 
Stone and the Puritans of Providence, was the re-appearance of Bennett 
and Claiborne at St. Mary's in July, 1654. Stone was again deposed, 
and the government was placed in the hands of a council, with one Wil- 
liam Fuller as its president. Writs were issued for the election of an 
assembly, under which no Roman Catholic could vote or be elected, and 
in this way a house was obtained that was almost entirely composed of 
Dissenters. One of the first acts of this body was to enact a law securing 
freedom of conscience, practically, to Puritans only. 

The government of the province was now conducted under "the 
magistracy of His Highness the Lord Protector over England, etc.," 
instead of by the authority of the Parliament. Among other acts Fuller, 
as the executive of the Lord Protector's government, appointed Philip 
Conner, March, 1654, commander of the county of Kent, and named 
seven commissioners to serve under him. While these events were trans- 
piring. Lord Baltimore had received in England the news that Stone had 
permitted himself to be deposed without opposition, and, feeling that the 
chief menace to the continuance of his charter and the exercise of his 
authority under it had been removed by the dissolution of Parliament, di- 
rected Stone to assert his authority, if necessary by force. On receiving 
Lord Baltimore's instructions, Stone gathered a force of 130 armed men 
and marched against the settlement at Providence. He was met by Fuller 
in command of 1 7 5 men, and in the battle which ensued Fuller assisted 
by the guns of two armed merchantmen completely routed Lord Balti- 
more's little army and captured Stone and other leaders. After this vic- 
tory the Puritan supremacy in Maryland seemed to be permanently estab- 
lished, but as a matter of fact it was of short duration. Bennett and other 
Puritan leaders in Virginia visited London and attempted to have Lord 
Baltimore's charter revoked, but, as Cromwell considered himself the 
assignee of the Crown and as such a successor to all its rights and obliga- 
tions, Baltimore's charter was as sound under the protectorate as it had 
been under the rule of the Stuarts. In 1657 a compromise between the 
Puritans and Lord Baltimore was effected, the latter promising complete 
amnesty for all offences against his government from the beginning, and 
giving his word never to consent to the repeal of his Toleration Act of 
1649. Upon these terms Virginia withdrew her opposition to his charter, 
and indemnified Claiborne by extensive land grants for the loss of Kent 
Island. Lord Baltimore appointed Captain Josias Fendall governor of 
the province in 1656, and sent out his brother, Philip Calvert, to be sec- 
retary. The Puritan faction yielded their contentions after some inef- 
fectual resistance to the new governor, and in March, 1658, the authority 
of Cecilius Calvert was again paramount throughout his palatinate. 
Thus ended a controversy of some thirty years' duration between the 
sister colonies of Maryland and Virginia. 

The death of Cromwell in 1658, followed the year afterwards by the 
abdication of his son Richard, and the unsettled condition of English 

107 



APPENDIX 



politics until the accession of Charles II in May, 1660, again disturbed 
the stability of Lord Baltimore's sway in Maryland. We have seen that 
after Fuller's victory on the banks of the Severn in 1655 the Puritans 
held control of all branches of the government in Maryland, and, although 
only three years afterwards their ascendency was unexpectedly terminated, 
the smouldering embers of the disturbances of that time had not yet 
been entirely extinguished. Added to these causes of unrest was a wide- 
spread dissatisfaction with the duties imposed by Lord Baltimore on 
tobacco for export. In 1647 the assembly had granted to the Lord Pro- 
prietor a duty of ten shillings per hogshead on all tobacco exported from 
that colony. This act was modified in 1649 by an act imposing a similar 
duty on all tobacco carried by Dutch vessels if not bound to an English 
port. In 1659 Lord Baltimore directed Governor Fendall to have the 
act of 1647 explicitly repealed, on the condition that the assembly should 
grant him two shillings on tobacco exported to British ports and ten 
shillings when shipped to foreign ports. This demand was unpopular, 
and the assembly which met in February, 1660, to discuss it and other 
matters, was ripe for sedition. It appeared also that Governor Fendall 
was disloyal to Lord Baltimore, and considered this a fitting time for 
the province to assert its independence of the proprietor's authority. 
Consequently, when the assembly repealed the excise act of 1647 without 
enacting any substitute therefor, and sent a message to Governor Fen- 
dall to the effect that they judged themselves to be a lawful assembly 
without dependence upon any other power now existing within the prov- 
ince, Fendall was found to be in accord with them, and, after overriding 
the objections of Philip Calvert and one or two others, the council was 
abolished. Fendall resigned his commission from the Lord Proprietor, 
and in lieu of it accepted one from the assembly, which body now de- 
clared it a felony for any one in Maryland to acknowledge Lord Balti- 
more's authority. When the news of Fendall's treachery reached London, 
it found Charles II seated firmly on the throne. All persons were at once 
instructed to respect Lord Baltimore's authority over Maryland, and Sir 
William Berkeley, governor of Virginia, was ordered to bring the force 
of that colony to his aid if necessary. Lord Baltimore then appointed 
his brother Philip to the governorship of Maryland, whereupon the re- 
bellion instantly collapsed, and the ringleaders were seized and punished 
by banishment and confiscation of property. Such was the end of Fen- 
dall's rebellion. 

In 1 661 Cecilius Calvert sent his only son, Charles, to be governor 
of the palatinate, and Philip Calvert remained as chancellor. The internal 
affairs of the colony having been peacefully adjusted for the time, the 
proprietary government was now to turn its attention to the encroach- 
ments of foreign colonists on its eastern frontier. Since 1638 parties of 
Swedes had been establishing themselves on the west bank of the Dela- 
ware River near the present sites of New Castle and Wilmington. In 1655 
Peter Stuyvesant, the governor of the Dutch colony of New Netherlands, 
despatched an armed party against these settlers, overcame them, and 

108 



APPENDIX 



divided their territory into two provinces which he called New Amstel 
and Altona. Maryland could not acquiesce in these acts of the Dutch- 
men, and the new governors of Amstel and Altona were notified that 
they must either acknowledge allegiance to Lord Baltimore or vacate 
the territory then occupied by them. This resulted in Stuyvesant's 
sending an envoy to St. Mary's to treat with the Maryland government. 
For this mission he chose a man afterwards to become one of the greatest 
landed proprietors in Maryland. Augustine Herman was born at Prague 
and educated as a surveyor. He emigrated to New Netherlands prior 
to 1647 ^J^d became one of the nine men appointed by the governor of 
that colony to act as his advisers. Although Herman's mission to St. 
Mary's did not affect the eventual disposition of the provinces for w^hich 
he was sent to treat, it evidently produced in him a very favorable im- 
pression of Maryland, for in 1660 we find that he wrote to Lord Baltimore 
asking for the grant of a manor and offering to pay for it by making a 
map of his province. The proposal was accepted. The map, which was 
completed after careful surveys extending over ten years, was engraved 
in London in 1673. Lord Baltimore's agreement was carried out by the 
grant to Herman of a tract of land which by successive additions came 
to include more than 20,000 acres. This tract Herman called Bohemia 
Manor, a name it bears to this day. Herman in time accumulated great 
wealth by trade with the Indians along the very routes which Claiborne 
had hoped to monopolize. Later Lord Baltimore granted Herman a sec- 
ond manor, called St. Augustine, which extended eastward from Bohemia 
Manor to the shore of Delaware Bay. To the greater part of the latter 
grant Herman never succeeded in making good his title, as Lord Balti- 
more was to lose that part of his province through encroachments by the 
Duke of York. 

New Netherlands, which Charles II took from the Dutch and granted 
to his brother, the Duke of York, extended from the upper waters of the 
Hudson southward to Cape May, at the entrance of Delaware Bay, but 
did not include any land on the west shore of the bay, as all of that terri- 
tory was expressly included in the Baltimore charter. The Swedish and 
Dutch settlements on the west shore of the Delaware were, however, at 
once taken in charge by the Duke of York, as if they had been properly 
included in his charter, while the southern part of his domain was granted 
by him, under the name of New Jersey, to his friend Sir George Carteret. 
Upon the death of Sir George Carteret the province of East New Jersey 
was sold for the benefit of his heirs to a Quaker, William Penn, and 
eleven others associated with him. This William Penn -was soon to be- 
come the Lord Proprietor of a princely domain. As the Quakers in Amer- 
ica had suffered hardships in most of the colonies in which they had set- 
tled, it was suggested that a colony be founded over which they them- 
selves should exercise control. Charles II, favoring this proposition 
politically, found in it also a convenient opportunity to pay a debt of 
16,000 pounds sterling owed by the Crown to the estate of William 
Penn's father, and granted to Penn a tract of land west of the Delaware 

109 



APPENDIX 



River and between Maryland to the south and the Five Nations to the 
north. A study of his boundaries showed Penn that he had inadequate 
access to the sea, and, being bent on obtaining a good outlet in this re- 
spect, as a royal favorite he was able to gain permission to push his south- 
ern boundary twenty miles forward, and later to obtain from the Duke 
of York the land on the west shore of Delaware Bay which the Dutch 
had taken from the Swedes and the retention of which by the former had 
been the object of Augustine Herman's mission to St. Mary's. In spite 
of vehement protests on the part of the Calverts, this territory west of 
the Delaware was extended until it included the area of the present 
state of Delaware, the whole of which was thus cut out of the original 
territory of Maryland. 

Meantime, in 1675, Cecilius Calvert died, full of years and of honor. 
His administration of the affairs of a country on whose shores he had 
never trod for three and forty years had been both broad-minded and 
sagacious. With infinite tact he had resisted the conflicting political 
influences which had prevailed in England during his lifetime, and, when 
we consider that the colony had been established for Roman Catholics 
and governed by a Roman Catholic family, and that of the 20,000 souls 
which it contained at the time of his death about three-fourths were dis- 
senting Protestants, one-sixth members of the Church of England, and 
only one-twelfth were Roman Catholics, the quality of his political skill 
can readily be appreciated. At the time of Cecilius's death indications 
of disquietude in Maryland were not lacking. The dispute over the ex- 
port tax on tobacco had been compromised in 1671 by the passage of an 
act granting two shillings on the hogshead, but this compromise was 
only reached after a struggle of eleven years. Another contention ex- 
isted between the lower house of the assembly and the proprietary gov- 
ernment in regard to the rights of the burgesses. The latter claimed 
that they sat by the inherent right of Englishmen to representation in a 
legislative assembly and in this respect resembled the House of Commons. 
The Calverts held that the lower house sat only by authority given in 
the charter, and that it constituted only an instrument of government 
under the proprietor. Charles Calvert's accession to the barony as third 
Lord Baltimore, upon the death of his father, Cecilius, did not strengthen 
the hands of the proprietary government. Charles was more narrow- 
minded and less public-spirited than his father, and the presence in their 
midst for the first time of the Lord Palatine brought home to the Mary- 
landers more clearly the oligarchical character of their government. 
The opposition by the people of Maryland to the Calverts' government 
was based on a well-founded charge of nepotism in the distribution of 
public offices; on the fact that the sheriffs, who were appointees of the 
governor, were the only judges of elections and were not responsible to 
the county courts; that in 1669, by the assertion of the proprietor's 
prerogative, the suffrage was restricted to freeholders owning fifty acres 
of land or property to the value of fifty pounds sterling; and that in sum- 
moning the members elect to the assembly the governor arbitrarily 



APPENDIX 



omitted the names of such persons as were peculiarly antagonistic to him. 
These grievances found expression in 1676 in an incipient rebellion, led 
by two persons named Davis and Pate. This movement was in sympathy 
with Bacon's rebellion in Virginia, and, although an armed force was 
gathered in Calvert County, for the purpose of intimidating the govern- 
ment, the movement collapsed on the death of Bacon in Virginia, and the 
two leaders, Davis and Pate, were hanged by Governor Notely, Charles 
Calvert at that time being absent in England. Distrust of the govern- 
ment on the part of the people was increased by an episode which occurred 
in 1684. Charles Calvert in that year again visited England, leaving his 
young son, Benedict Calvert, in the governorship, with one George Tal- 
bot, an Irishman and a kinsman of the Calverts, acting as regent. Disputes 
had occurred between Lord Baltimore's government and the collectors 
of revenue for the royal treasury, which resulted in a demand on Lord 
Baltimore, by Charles II, for 2500 pounds sterling, of which sum he 
claimed to have been defrauded by the interference of the Maryland 
government with his revenue officers. Late in 1684 Talbot killed one of 
the collectors in a quarrel on board a ship of the royal navy lying at St. 
Mary's. The captain of the vessel delivered Talbot to the governor of 
Virginia for trial, but Talbot subsequently made his escape to Maryland 
and offered himself for trial there. The council, mostly kinsmen of 
Talbot's, declined to try him or take any action in the matter unless a 
royal order was received to send Talbot to England to be tried there. 
Before this was done Lord Baltimore interceded with James II and se- 
cured Talbot's pardon. The effect of this occurrence was to make the 
government appear lax in its allegiance and remiss in its duties to the 
Crown. 

The flight of James II in 1 688 thus found the Protestants of Maryland, 
for various reasons, ripe for revolt against the government of the Romanist 
Calverts, and when William and Mary succeeded, January 22, 1689, the 
majority of the population in a state of hostile tension awaited the action 
of the council. As a matter of fact. Lord Baltimore had at once despatched 
an emissary from London directing the council to proclaim the new sov- 
ereigns, but the messenger died on the voyage. When Calvert became 
aware of this, he despatched another, but it was then too late. In April, 
1689, an "Association in Arms for the defence of the Protestant Religion 
and for asserting the right of King William and Queen Mary to the Prov- 
ince of Maryland and all the English Dominions" was formed by John 
Coode and others, and, as one colony after another proclaimed William 
and Mary and still the Maryland Council ignored their accession, the 
movement gathered strength until in July of the same year Coode with 
700 armed followers appeared before St. Mary's and demanded the sur- 
render of the government. No resistance was offered, and the Council 
fled to a fort on the Patuxent, but a few days afterwards surrendered. 
Coode then prepared an account of these proceedings and forwarded them 
to King William asking him to assume the government of the province. 
This proposition and the proceedings which led up to it seemed to meet 

III 



APPENDIX 



with the king's approval, and he accordingly issued a scire facias against 
the Baltimore charter, and in 1691 sent Sir Lionel Copley to the province 
as its hrst royal governor. 

The change of government effected by Coode's coup d'etat did not 
bring with it the freedom from administrative exactions which the Prot- 
estants of Maryland had expected. Taxes were at once levied for the 
support of the Church of England, and, as only a small part of the popu- 
lation were members of that church, the tax was generally unpopular, 
both Puritans and Papists resenting its imposition. The method of col- 
lecting the tax was also odious, consisting as it did of a per capita levy of 
forty pounds of tobacco from rich and poor alike. Catholics were treated 
with great intolerance. The further immigration of members of the Roman 
Church was prohibited and the celebration of mass in the province for- 
bidden. As a further blow to the co-religionists of the former proprietor, 
an assembly convened in 1694 by Sir Francis Nicholson, who succeeded 
Sir Lionel Copley as royal governor, changed the seat of government 
from St. Mary's to Anne Arundel Town, formerly the Puritan settle- 
ment of Providence. The new capital was called Annapolis, and Governor 
Nicholson founded there in 1693 a public school which was known as 
King William's School and was the first of a number of similar institu- 
tions established at that time throughout the province. The last decade 
of the seventeenth century was given over to ceaseless wrangling in re- 
gard to church matters. Almost every year saw some new act passed 
by one party to which the assent of the Crown was denied through the 
opposition of another party. The early years of the eij,'hteenth century, 
however, found the dissenting Protestants free from political exactions 
and unmolested in the exercise of their religious worship, but still subject 
to the tax for the support of the Church of England. No amelioration 
of the hardships imposed on the Romanists had occurred, but, on the 
contrary, the persecution of this sect had increased. Acts had been 
passed making the celebration of mass punishable by imprisonment for 
life and offering a reward of one hundred pounds sterling to any one who 
apprehended a priest in the performance of this function; any Catholic 
keeping a school or taking a youth to educate could be punished by a 
sentence of life imprisonment; a Catholic sending his child abroad to be 
educated was fined one hundred pounds; no Catholic could purchase 
real estate; test oaths impossible to Catholics were offered to every Pa- 
pist youth on coming of age, and upon his declining to take them he was 
declared incapable of inheriting land and his nearest kin of Protestant 
faith inherited in his stead; also, when extra taxes were levied for emer- 
gencies, Catholics were assessed at double rates. In addition to hard- 
ships caused by the religious exactions of the royal government, Mary- 
land found that she was now subject to royal requisitions of both men 
and money for military purposes. Marylanders therefore at this time 
began to look back with regret to the days of proprietary rule, and its 
re-establishment, which was soon to be effected, was far from unwelcome 
to the people at large. 



APPENDIX 



The third Lord Baltimore after being deprived of his palatinate in 
1 69 1 had lived in England, staunch to the Catholic faith and in complete 
enjoyment of his private rights and revenues. In 17 14 his son, Benedict 
Leonard Calvert, taking a secular view of public policy, abjured the re- 
ligion of his fathers and joined the established church. For this act Lord 
Baltimore renounced him and deprived him of his annual allowance, 
whereupon the new convert to the Church of England applied to and re- 
ceived from Queen Anne a pension, which was continued by her successor, 
George I, and on the death of his father, in February, 171 5, Benedict, 
fourth Lord Baltimore, was restored to his rights and privileges under 
the original charter, and the palatinate government was thus revived. 
Benedict Calvert, however, survived his father only a few weeks, and 
was succeeded by his son Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore. As Charles was a 
lad of fifteen only at the time his father became a Protestant, he had 
been included in the latter's renunciation of Catholicism and was there- 
fore inaugurated, April 5, 171 5, to the palatinate as a Protestant. Dur- 
ing the interregnum in the rule of the Baltimores, in spite of religious 
discords the province had prospered and increased in population, so that 
on the restoration of the Calverts in the person of Charles its inhabitants 
numbered about forty thousand white persons and nine thousand five 
hundred negro slaves. The importation of slaves into Maryland had 
begun during the latter half of the seventeenth century, and as the sup- 
ply became more plentiful the number of white servants decreased. A 
great impetus in this importation was produced by a clause in the Treaty 
of Utrecht, 17 13, under which England reserved the African slave trade 
exclusively to herself. At the time of the accession of the fifth Lord Bal- 
timore, relief to the Roman Catholics had come in the form of permission 
to worship in private chapels on their own estates, but the hope enter- 
tained by them that the new government would restore all their ancient 
rights and privileges was not realized. The province was ruled by a 
Protestant proprietor under a Protestant king, and, although Charles 
Calvert discouraged religious discord and in some cases appointed prom- 
inent Roman Catholics to public offices, they remained disfranchised and 
continued to be taxed for the support of the Church of England. 

The palatinate government, on the whole, retained its popularity 
with the people of Maryland until it was terminated by the Declaration 
of Independence. Charles Calvert, after a mild and equitable rule of over 
thirty-five years, died in London in 1751. He was succeeded by his son 
Frederick, sixth and last Lord Baltimore. This Frederick, although an 
unworthy scion of an illustrious family, was represented in Maryland by 
two very able governors, Horatio Sharpe from 1753 to 1768, and Sir 
Robert Eden from the latter date until June, 1776. On the memorable 
fourth day of the month succeeding the departure of the last proprietary 
governor, Maryland, supported by her sister colonies, renounced forever 
the rule of kings and commons, princes and palatines, and as one of the 
thirteen States of the Union became at last a self-governing community. 

H. C. G. 



"3 



MAY 6 1907 



